History Of Science Collection (page 25)

Nostradamuss Magic Mirror. Nostradamus (at right, 1503-1566) was a French physician and astrologer. Here he is using a magic mirror to foretell the future to Catherine de Medicis (1519-1589)

Arkady Migdal, Russian physicist
Arkady Beinusovich Migdal (1911-1991), Russian physicist, giving a lecture. Migdal was born in Lithuania. He worked in the fields of particle and quantum physics

Mikhail Lomonosov, Russian polymath
Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (1711-1765), Russian polymath. Born in a remote fishing village, Lomonosov went to Moscow to gain his education, later studying in St Petersburg, and in Germany

Leonid Kantorovich, Soviet economist
Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich (1912-1986), Soviet economist and Nobel laureate. Kantorovich was a mathematician who worked for the Soviet government

Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist
Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa (1894-1984), Russian physicist and Nobel laureate, wearing his Hero of Socialist Labor medal. Kapitsa was born and educated in Russia

Mob attacking Jacquard in Lyon, France. The French weaver Joseph Marie Jacquard (1752-1834, lower left) invented an improved mechanical loom in 1804

Zhores Alferov, Russian physicist
Zhores Ivanovich Alferov (born 1930), Russian physicist and Nobel laureate. taking part in a round-table discussion. Alferov was born in Belarus and educated in Leningrad

Rene-Just Hauy, French mineralogist
Rene-Just Hauy (1743-1822), French mineralogist and founder of crystallography. Hauy, an ordained Priest, became interested in crystallography in 1781 after noticing the straight lines

Hipparchus, Ancient Greek astronomer
Hipparchus (c.190-c.120 BC), Ancient Greek astronomer, with the armillary sphere he invented (lower right) and representations of the signs of the zodiac in the night sky

Brandt and Abrikosov, Russian physicists. Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (right, born 1928), talking with professor Nikolai Brandt in a physics laboratory

Joseph Gay-Lussac, French chemist
Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850), French chemist. In 1804 Gay-Lussac made balloon ascents to measure changes in magnetism and air composition with altitude

Galen lecturing on anatomy in Rome
Galen (c.129-200 AD), Ancient Greek physician and anatomist, lecturing on anatomy in Rome, in the Temple of Peace, using animal skeletons (right). Galen came to Rome in 162 AD

Clement Ader, French engineer
Clement Ader (1841-1926), French engineer and aviation pioneer. Aders early career was spent inventing numerous electrical and mechanical devices

Alexei Abrikosov, Russian physicist
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (born 1928), Russian physicist and Nobel laureate. Abrikosovs work has been in the field of condensed matter physics

Sir George Cayley, British engineer
Sir George Cayley (1773-1857), British engineer, aviation pioneer, and 6th Baronet of Brompton (from 1792). Cayley spent most of his life on the study of flight, carrying out his own experiments

Dioscorides, Ancient Greek physician
Dioscorides sculpture by a pond. The Ancient Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides (c.40-c.90 AD) worked as a surgeon in the Roman army

Dalibards lightning experiment, 1752
Dailbards lightning experiment, 1752. Artwork of French scientist Thomas-Francois Dalibard (1709- 1799) carrying out his lightning experiment on 10 May 1752, at Marly, France

Claude Chappe, French engineer
Claude Chappe (1763-1805), inventor of mechanical- optical telegraphy. Chappe was a French engineer and cleric. His rise to fame came during the French Revolution when he looked at ways to improve

Giordano Bruno teaching. 1 of 3. Giordano Bruno (1548-1600) was an Italian philosopher who supported the Copernican view that the Earth revolved around the Sun

Arabic science timeline. The Golden Age of Arabic Science occurred in the period from the 8th century to the 12th century

Anders Angstrom, Swedish physicist
Anders Angstrom (1814-1874), Swedish physicist. Angstrom founded the science of spectroscopy, and the unit of atomic length, the angstrom, is named after him

Archimedes during the sack of Syracuse. The Ancient Greek mathematician, physicst and engineer Archimedes (c.287-c.212 BC) was one of the leading scientists in antiquity

The Seven Sages of Greece, 7th century BC
The Seven Sages of Greece. The traditions of Ancient Greece named seven philosophers and statesmen from the 7th and 6th centuries BC as the wisest of men

Meteorologist, historical artwork
Meteorologist. Historical artwork of a meteorologist working at his desk. Various meteorological devices are seen around the room

Iguanodon and Megalosaurus dinosaurs
Iguanodon (left) and Megalosaurus (right), historical artwork. This inaccurate reconstruction shows the dinosaurs co-existing when they actually date from two different time periods

Cugnots Engine 1769
In 1769 the French Engineer Cugnot designed the first ever mechanically propelled road vehicle which was used at the Paris Arsenal to haul artillery

George Stephenson (1781-1848)
English engineer. Aged 14 he started work maintaining a steam engine at a coal mine. He obtained a basic education at night school, working at various pits until settling at Killingworth

Leonardos kite glider
Leonardo da VinciÔé¼Ôäós study of a Ôé¼╦£Ôé¼kite-gliderÔé¼ (hang glider) for sailplaning flight c. 1497

Leonardos machine guns
Leonardo sketched a number of machine guns designed to increase the volume and speed of firing. The top sketch shows a` multi-barelled cannon which Leonardo called an " organ-pipe musket"

James Watt (1736-1819)

Early 17th Century astrologer, artwork
An astrologer watching the sun, the moon and the stars. Obviously he earned a lot of money - see his filled money bag. Astrology was a science zheme at this time

Andrea Cesalpino, also known as Caesalpinus, (1519-1603) was an Italian botanist, physician and physiologist. He was the Professor of Medicine and Director of the Botanic Garden at Pisa University

Early microscope design, historical image
Early microscope design, coloured historical image. Diagram of an early microscope made by the English dyer and amateur astronomer Stephen Gray (1666-1736)

King and astrologer, historical artwork
An astrologer watching the sun, the moon, the planets and the stars and tells the King the results ofv his interpretation

Total solar eclipse, 1851 artwork
Total Solar Eclipse as viewed from Danzig, Baltic Sea, Germany on July 28th, 1851 at 15:18:20. The planets Venus, Merkury and Jupiter became visible during totaityl phase

Paolo Mascagni C011 / 3618
Italian anatomist and physician Paolo Mascagni (1752- 1815) studied medicine and philosophy at the university of Siena in Tuscany

Martian surface, historical images
Martian surface. Historical images of surface features on the Martian surface as drawn by four different observers at different times in the same year (1958)

Space spectra, historical diagram
Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787-1826), a German physicist and optical instrument maker, is best known for his investigation of dark lines in the Suns spectrum. Now known as Fraunhofer lines

Paolo Mascagni
The Italian anatomist and physician Paolo Mascagni (1752- 1815) studied medicine and philosophy at the university of Siena in Tuscany

Martian canals, historical artwork
Giovanni Schiaparellis sketches of planet Mars in 1883 and 1884. The dark triangle was called Syrtis Mayor, white appears the polar cap of the south

Ehrlichs side-chain theory, artwork. Coloured 1900 diagram by the German immunologist Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) to explain his side-chain theory of immune response

Bion 7 experiment. Scientists preparing two rhesus monkeys for the Bion 7 space-flight mission. Bion 7, or Kosmos-1667, was a biological research mission

Peacock, historical artwork
Owl, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a peacock. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Questi et inventioni diverse by Tartaglia
Questi et inventioni diverse by Niccolo Tartaglia. Fold-out plate from the publication Questi et inventioni diverse, 1546, by the Italian mathematician Niccolo Tartaglia (1499-1557)

Owl, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of an owl. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Leonardos drawing of stratified rocks
Leonardos studied the stratification of rocks and the flow of water. He concluded that " the stratified stones of the mountains are the layers of clay deposited one above the other by

Crow, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a crow eating a worm. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Statue of Leonardo da Vinci outside the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. Italian artist and inventor Leonardo is most famous for his works of art, such as the Last Supper (1498) and the Mona Lisa (1504)

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The history of science is a fascinating journey that has shaped our understanding of the world. From the groundbreaking discoveries to the innovative inventions, each milestone has contributed to our current knowledge and technological advancements. In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev's periodic table revolutionized chemistry by organizing elements based on their properties and atomic weights. This iconic creation paved the way for further scientific exploration and experimentation. Even in medieval times, celestial mechanics fascinated scholars who depicted this intricate subject in their artwork. The intricate illustrations showcased not only their artistic skills but also their curiosity about the workings of the universe. Richard Feynman, a renowned physicist known for his contributions to quantum mechanics, was immortalized in a caricature that captured his brilliance and eccentricity. His work continues to inspire scientists around the globe. Evariste Galois left behind a part of his manuscript before his untimely death at just 20 years old. This document revealed profound insights into algebraic equations and laid the foundation for modern abstract algebra. Stephenson's Rocket, an early steam locomotive from 1829, marked a significant leap forward in transportation technology. Its design influenced future developments in railway engineering and propelled industrial progress. Historical artwork depicting bee anatomy showcases humanity's fascination with nature's intricacies. These detailed illustrations not only served as educational tools but also highlighted our desire to understand every aspect of life on Earth. The eruption of Krakatoa in 1883 resulted in mesmerizing sunsets that inspired artists worldwide. Through their artworks, they captured both beauty and chaos while reminding us of nature's awe-inspiring power. Title pages from Pacciolis Summa de Arithmetica reflect humankind's quest for mathematical knowledge throughout history. These ancient texts demonstrate how mathematics played an essential role even centuries ago. Dmitri Mendeleev himself became a subject of caricatures due to his influential work on chemistry’s periodic table. These humorous depictions celebrated his contributions and made science more accessible to the public.