History Of Science Collection (page 26)

Early microscope design, historical image
Early microscope design, coloured historical image. Diagram of an early microscope made by the English dyer and amateur astronomer Stephen Gray (1666-1736)

King and astrologer, historical artwork
An astrologer watching the sun, the moon, the planets and the stars and tells the King the results ofv his interpretation

Total solar eclipse, 1851 artwork
Total Solar Eclipse as viewed from Danzig, Baltic Sea, Germany on July 28th, 1851 at 15:18:20. The planets Venus, Merkury and Jupiter became visible during totaityl phase

Paolo Mascagni C011 / 3618
Italian anatomist and physician Paolo Mascagni (1752- 1815) studied medicine and philosophy at the university of Siena in Tuscany

Martian surface, historical images
Martian surface. Historical images of surface features on the Martian surface as drawn by four different observers at different times in the same year (1958)

Space spectra, historical diagram
Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787-1826), a German physicist and optical instrument maker, is best known for his investigation of dark lines in the Suns spectrum. Now known as Fraunhofer lines

Paolo Mascagni
The Italian anatomist and physician Paolo Mascagni (1752- 1815) studied medicine and philosophy at the university of Siena in Tuscany

Martian canals, historical artwork
Giovanni Schiaparellis sketches of planet Mars in 1883 and 1884. The dark triangle was called Syrtis Mayor, white appears the polar cap of the south

Ehrlichs side-chain theory, artwork. Coloured 1900 diagram by the German immunologist Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) to explain his side-chain theory of immune response

Bion 7 experiment. Scientists preparing two rhesus monkeys for the Bion 7 space-flight mission. Bion 7, or Kosmos-1667, was a biological research mission

Peacock, historical artwork
Owl, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a peacock. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Questi et inventioni diverse by Tartaglia
Questi et inventioni diverse by Niccolo Tartaglia. Fold-out plate from the publication Questi et inventioni diverse, 1546, by the Italian mathematician Niccolo Tartaglia (1499-1557)

Owl, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of an owl. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Leonardos drawing of stratified rocks
Leonardos studied the stratification of rocks and the flow of water. He concluded that " the stratified stones of the mountains are the layers of clay deposited one above the other by

Crow, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a crow eating a worm. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Statue of Leonardo da Vinci outside the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. Italian artist and inventor Leonardo is most famous for his works of art, such as the Last Supper (1498) and the Mona Lisa (1504)

Bird of prey, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a hawk eating a fish. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Mathematical diagram by Niccolo Tartaglia. 16th Century mathematical diagram from La noua scientia by the Italian mathematician Niccolo Tartaglia (1550)

Cannons with explosive ammunition
Leonardos sketch of explosive cannon balls fired from large mortars. The cannon balls consisted of round shells fitted around iron spacers and stitched inside a pliable casing

Pigment spectra, historical artwork. Early 20th Century colour plate showing of the spectra of various pigments. Published in Quains dictionary of medicine (3rd edition), by the Irish physician

Voltaire, French author
Voltaire (1694-1778). Historical artwork of the French author and poet Voltaire. Voltaire, born Francois Marie Arouet, wrote more than 20, 000 letters and more than 2000 books and pamphlets

Gian Vincenzo Pinelli, Italian humanist
Gian Vincenzo Pinelli (1535-1601), Italian humanist and mentor of Galileo. Pinelli is most famous for his lifetime of correspondence with most of the intellectual giants of Europe

19th Century compass rose, artwork
20 Century compass rose, artwork. A compass rose is a figure on a compass, map, nautical chart, or monument that is used to display the orientation of the cardinal directions - North, East

Jean Rousseau, Genevan philosopher
Jean Rousseau (1712-1778). Historical artwork of the Genevan philosopher, writer and composer Jean Jacques Rousseau. Rousseaus romantic works were seen to have encouraged human attachment to nature

John Dee, British mathematician
John Dee (1527-1608). 19th Century artwork of the British mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and occultist John Dee. Dee was an expert in geometry and trigonometry

Chemical crystals, historical artwork
Chemical crystal, historical artwork. Early 20th Century colour plate showing crystals of various chemicals, including some acids

17th Century experimental science diagram. Historical woodcut illustration of a man, depicting how to read his face. Published in Exercitationes physiognomicae quator libris by Christian Moldenarius

17th Century palmistry diagram. Historical woodcut print depicting a mans hand and its palm lines, used for fortune telling

Mathematical compasses, 1624 diagram
Mathematical compasses. 17th Century diagram showing the use of mathematical proportional compasses. Published in Usage du compas de proportion by Denis Henrion (1624)

Bat, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of an owl. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Matt Ridley, caricature
Matt Ridley (born 1958). Caricature of the British journalist, writer and businessman Matthew White Ridley holding a copy of one of his book The Red Queen

Fingerprints, historical image. Early 20th Century lithograph of male fingerprints (right hand). Published in A treatise on medical jurisprudence by George Vivian Poore (1902)

Sextant, historical diagram. 17th Century woodcut illustration of a sextant. Published in Astronomiae instauratae progymnasmata by the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe (1600)

Bird skeleton, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a birds skeleton. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Bacteria, historical artwork. Early 20th Century illustrations of various bacteria. Published in Quains dictionary of medicine (3rd edition), by the Irish physician, Sir Richard Quain (1902)

Sea eagle, historical artwork. 16th Century woodcut print of a sea eagle. Published in Histoire de la nature des oyseaux by the French naturalist Pierre Belon (1555)

Alessandro Achillini, Italian philosopher
Alessandro Achillini (1463-1512). 16th Century portrait of the Italian philosopher and physician Alessandro Achillini, from his publication Opera omnia (1568)

Niccolo Tartaglia, Italian mathematician
Niccolo Tartaglia (1499-1557). 1546 woodcut portrait of the Italian mathematician Niccolo Tartaglia. Tartaglias greatest mathematical achievement was the solution to cubic equations

Cells and fibres, historical artwork. Early 20th Century illustrations of various cells and fibres. Published in Quains dictionary of medicine (3rd edition), by the Irish physician

La noua scientia de Niccolo Tartaglia. 16th Century woodcut illustration of various figures, symbolising various disciplines (e.g)

Robert Fulton (1765-1815)

Lunar Society Meeting
Meeting of the Lunar society at " Heathfield", the Birmingham home of James Watt. The Lunar Society was a dinner club whose members included prominent industrialists and scientists

Dallerys helical screw
Cross-section diagram of a proposed boat from the 1803 patent filed by Charles Dallery (1754-1835) in France. It was to be propelled by two 1.8m diameter helical screw propellers

John Fitch (1743-1798)

19th Century internal combustion engine. Historical artwork of a three-horsepower internal combustion engine designed and built by the Scottish engineer Sir Dugald Clerk (1854-1932)

17th Century science demonstration. Historical artwork of a man pointing to a glass globe during an experiment to demonstrate the force of air pressure on a vacuum. Published in 1672

17th Century science publication. Front page of Natural magick... wherein are set forth all the riches and delights of the natural sciences published in 1658 by the Italian polymath John Baptista

18th Century electrical experiment
Igniting spirits of wine by means of an electrostatic discharge. A man, standing on an insulating wax tablet, holds a charged glass rod in his left hand and a sword in his right

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The history of science is a fascinating journey that has shaped our understanding of the world. From the groundbreaking discoveries to the innovative inventions, each milestone has contributed to our current knowledge and technological advancements. In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev's periodic table revolutionized chemistry by organizing elements based on their properties and atomic weights. This iconic creation paved the way for further scientific exploration and experimentation. Even in medieval times, celestial mechanics fascinated scholars who depicted this intricate subject in their artwork. The intricate illustrations showcased not only their artistic skills but also their curiosity about the workings of the universe. Richard Feynman, a renowned physicist known for his contributions to quantum mechanics, was immortalized in a caricature that captured his brilliance and eccentricity. His work continues to inspire scientists around the globe. Evariste Galois left behind a part of his manuscript before his untimely death at just 20 years old. This document revealed profound insights into algebraic equations and laid the foundation for modern abstract algebra. Stephenson's Rocket, an early steam locomotive from 1829, marked a significant leap forward in transportation technology. Its design influenced future developments in railway engineering and propelled industrial progress. Historical artwork depicting bee anatomy showcases humanity's fascination with nature's intricacies. These detailed illustrations not only served as educational tools but also highlighted our desire to understand every aspect of life on Earth. The eruption of Krakatoa in 1883 resulted in mesmerizing sunsets that inspired artists worldwide. Through their artworks, they captured both beauty and chaos while reminding us of nature's awe-inspiring power. Title pages from Pacciolis Summa de Arithmetica reflect humankind's quest for mathematical knowledge throughout history. These ancient texts demonstrate how mathematics played an essential role even centuries ago. Dmitri Mendeleev himself became a subject of caricatures due to his influential work on chemistry’s periodic table. These humorous depictions celebrated his contributions and made science more accessible to the public.