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Jain cosmological map, 19th century
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Jain cosmological map, 19th century
Jain cosmological map, 19th century. Titled Manusyaloka ( map of the world of man ), this artwork shows the world according to the cosmological traditions of Jainism, an ancient religion of India. Human couples are seen in pavilions at different levels, with rivers and world-girdling oceans (blue rings) separating them. The central continent (Jambudvipa, the island of the rose apple tree) has rivers and six mighty mountains (rows with triangles), with Mount Meru at centre (yellow circle). This artwork, from western Rajasthan, India, is gouache (a type of paint) on cloth, and dates from the 1890s
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Media ID 6298221
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1890s Ancient Antiquity Circle Circular Cloth Cosmological Cosmology Eastern Globe India Indian King Mountain Mountains Oriental Philosophy Queen Rajasthan Religion Religious River Rivers Round Ruler Symbol Symbolic Symbols Tent Tents Traditional World Gouache Meru Mount Meru Pavilion Pavilions Pavillion Rules
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This 19th-century Jain cosmological map, titled Manusyaloka, offers a glimpse into the intricate world of Jainism, an ancient religion originating in India. Painted with meticulous detail on cloth using gouache paint, this artwork showcases the cosmological traditions and beliefs held by Jains during that era. At first glance, one is immediately drawn to the central continent known as Jambudvipa or "the island of the rose apple tree". This landmass is adorned with rivers and six majestic mountains, prominently featuring Mount Meru at its center. Surrounding this central realm are pavilions occupied by human couples positioned at various levels. These pavilions symbolize different stages of existence within the Jain worldview. The blue rings encircling these pavilions represent vast oceans that separate each level. The presence of rivers flowing through Jambudvipa adds further depth to this intricate illustration. Every element in this artwork holds symbolic significance within Jain philosophy and serves as a visual representation of their understanding of the universe. Originating from western Rajasthan in India, this historical piece provides us with valuable insights into ancient Indian religious practices and beliefs. Its circular composition reflects an Eastern artistic tradition while incorporating elements such as fish motifs and traditional symbols associated with Asian cultures. As we explore this mesmerizing artwork from the 1890s, we are transported back in time to witness how people perceived their place in the cosmos centuries ago—a testament to humanity's enduring fascination with our world's mysteries and our relentless pursuit for spiritual enlightenment.
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