Chiaroscuro Collection (page 11)

Nude Female Standing (oil on Millboard)
PNH352443 Nude Female Standing (oil on Millboard) by Etty, William (1787-1849); 61x43 cm; Private Collection; Photo ePeter Nahum at The Leicester Galleries, London; English, out of copyright

Blind Old Beggar, c. 1632 (oil on canvas)
ALM283409 Blind Old Beggar, c.1632 (oil on canvas) by Ribera, Jusepe de (lo Spagnoletto) (1591-1652); 124.5x101.7 cm; Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Ohio

Boy Drawing by Candlelight (oil on canvas)
GRH242149 Boy Drawing by Candlelight (oil on canvas) by Schalken or Schalcken, Godfried (1643-1706); Private Collection; Dutch, out of copyright

Joseph and the Angel, 1652 (oil on canvas) (detail of 3126)
BBC197671 Joseph and the Angel, 1652 (oil on canvas) (detail of 3126) by Tour, Georges de la (1593-1652); total = 93x81 cm; Musee des Beaux-Arts, Nantes

Head of a Man, c. 1825 (oil on canvas)
450152 Head of a Man, c.1825 (oil on canvas) by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (1606-69) (after); 57.2x43.8 cm; The Holburne Museum, Bath, UK; eHolburne Museum; Dutch, out of copyright

Dutch Courtship, c. 1661 (oil on panel)
450130 Dutch Courtship, c.1661 (oil on panel) by Sorgh, Hendrik Martensz (1611-70); 29.8x25.4 cm; The Holburne Museum, Bath, UK; eHolburne Museum; Dutch, out of copyright

The Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine (pen & ink with wash over chalk on paper)
449374 The Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine (pen & ink with wash over chalk on paper) by Dyck, Anthony van (1599-1641); 18.2x28 cm; eThe Devonshire Collections

Christ Carrying the Cross (pen & ink with wash over chalk on paper)
449373 Christ Carrying the Cross (pen & ink with wash over chalk on paper) by Dyck, Anthony van (1599-1641); 19.7x15.6 cm; eThe Devonshire Collections

Portrait of a Young Man (oil on panel)
CHT181991 Portrait of a Young Man (oil on panel) by Ricci, Pietro (1605-75); Louvre, Paris, France; eArchives Charmet; Italian, out of copyright

Self Portrait (oil on panel)
PNH352448 Self Portrait (oil on panel) by English School; 29.2x27.3 cm; Private Collection; (add.info.: self portrait, possibly of William Etty (1787-1849); British artist;

An Italian Beauty, 1872 (oil on canvas)
PNH367474 An Italian Beauty, 1872 (oil on canvas) by Piot, Etienne Adolphe (1850-1910); 81x65.5 cm; Private Collection; Photo ePeter Nahum at The Leicester Galleries, London; French, out of copyright

A reclining apostle (black chalk with brown wash on carta azzurra)
CTS366771 A reclining apostle (black chalk with brown wash on carta azzurra) by Piombo, Sebastiano del (S. Luciani) (c.1485-1547); 23.7x44.4 cm; eThe Devonshire Collections

Woman in an Interior (oil on canvas)
423374 Woman in an Interior (oil on canvas) by Belleroche, Albert de (1864-1944); Private Collection; eLiss Fine Art; English, out of copyright

Man Reading, c. 1648 (oil on canvas)
1163258 Man Reading, c.1648 (oil on canvas) by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn, (1606-69) (attr. to); 74.1x56.2 cm; Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA; Dutch

The Lute Player, c. 1612-20 (oil on canvas)
4073447 The Lute Player, c.1612-20 (oil on canvas) by Gentileschi, Orazio (1563-1639); 143.5x129 cm; National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, USA; Italian, out of copyright

Vanitas still life with a bust, seashells, books and glass flasks (oil on canvas)
1203342 Vanitas still life with a bust, seashells, books and glass flasks (oil on canvas) by Dutch School, (17th century); 78.2x90.8 cm; Private Collection; Photo eChristies Images; Dutch

Madonna and Child crowned by two angels, c. 1530
JFS81278 Madonna and Child crowned by two angels, c.1530 by Romanino, Girolamo (c.1485-c.1566); 152x110.8 cm; Congrega della Carita Apostolica, Brescia, Italy; eJohn Ferro Sims; Italian

Pieta, modelletto for the altarpiece in the cathedral at Reggio Emilia, 1612
JFS81275 Pieta, modelletto for the altarpiece in the cathedral at Reggio Emilia, 1612 by Palma Il Giovane (Jacopo Negretti) (1548-1628); 128x106 cm; Museo Civico, Reggio Emilia

The Tooth Extraction
AII79517 The Tooth Extraction by Caravaggio, Michelangelo (1571-1610) (attr. to); Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy; Italian, out of copyright

Self portrait, c. 1778 (etching, drypoint & engraving on wove paper)
2972794 Self portrait, c.1778 (etching, drypoint & engraving on wove paper) by Norblin, Jean Pierre (1745-1830); 14.6x15.8 cm; The Art Institute of Chicago, IL, USA; John H

The Resurrection, 1619-20 (oil on canvas)
2968487 The Resurrection, 1619-20 (oil on canvas) by Caravaggio, Cecco de (1588/90-after 1620); 339.1x199.5 cm; The Art Institute of Chicago, IL, USA; Charles H. and Mary F. S

Payment of Taxes, c. 1620 (oil on canvas)
LVP127602 Payment of Taxes, c.1620 (oil on canvas) by Tour, Georges de la (1593-1652); 99x152 cm; Lviv State Picture Gallery, Ukraine; eLviv Gallery of Art; French, out of copyright

Levitation of St. Francis (oil on canvas)
BWM150040 Levitation of St. Francis (oil on canvas) by Zurbaran, Francisco de (1598-1664) (follower of); 100x81.6 cm; The Bowes Museum, Barnard Castle, County Durham, UK; eBowes Museum; Spanish

Cybele beseeching Saturn to spare her Child (oil on panel)
BWM155775 Cybele beseeching Saturn to spare her Child (oil on panel) by Gossaert, Jan (Mabuse) (c.1472-c.1533); The Bowes Museum, Barnard Castle, County Durham

Travellers Resting (The Rest on the Flight into Egypt?), c
5864176 Travellers Resting (The Rest on the Flight into Egypt?), c. 1629-30 (oil on paper on panel) by Rembrandt Harmensz

St Paul Healing the Cripple at Lystra, 1663 (oil on canvas)
5916309 St Paul Healing the Cripple at Lystra, 1663 (oil on canvas) by Dujardin, Karel (1626-78); 179x139 cm; Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (add.info.: In Acts Chapter 14)

The Circle of Thieves: Buoso Donati Attacked by the Serpent, Inferno, Canto XXV
995609 The Circle of Thieves: Buoso Donati Attacked by the Serpent, Inferno, Canto XXV, illustration to the Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri, 1827 (engraving) by Blake

The Circle of the Thieves: Buoso Donati Attacked by the Serpent, Inferno, Canto XXV
995616 The Circle of the Thieves: Buoso Donati Attacked by the Serpent, Inferno, Canto XXV, illustration to the Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri, c.1827-38 (engraving) by Blake

Lady Godiva (oil on paper on panel)
884768 Lady Godiva (oil on paper on panel) by Corbould, Edward Henry (1815-1905); 121.9x71.1 cm; Private Collection; Photo eChristies Images; English, out of copyright

Portrait of Gustav Mahler, 1907 (oil on canvas)
3511925 Portrait of Gustav Mahler, 1907 (oil on canvas) by Gallen-Kallela, Akseli Valdemar (1865-1931); Serlachius-museo GAosta, MAanttAa

Adoration of the Shepherds (oil on canvas)
3469415 Adoration of the Shepherds (oil on canvas) by French School; Soissons Cathedral, France; ePaul Maeyaert; French, out of copyright

Nude, Miss Bentham, New York, 1906 (oil on canvas)
2959460 Nude, Miss Bentham, New York, 1906 (oil on canvas) by Bellows, George Wesley (1882-1925); 181x89.5 cm; The Henry Barber Trust, The Barber Institute of Fine Arts

Pastoral scene, 1740 (oil on canvas)
2970431 Pastoral scene, 1740 (oil on canvas) by Piazzetta, Giovanni Battista (1683-1754); 191.8x14.3 cm; The Art Institute of Chicago, IL, USA; Charles H. and Mary F. S

Young Woman in Fancy Dress (oil on canvas)
PHD539 Young Woman in Fancy Dress (oil on canvas) by Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn (1606-69); Private Collection; Dutch, out of copyright

The Crucifixion of St. Peter, 1600-01 (oil on panel)
BEN85201 The Crucifixion of St. Peter, 1600-01 (oil on panel) by Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da (1571-1610); 230x175 cm; Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome, Italy; Photo eRaffaello Bencini; Italian

St. Matthew and the Angel, 1602 (panel)
BEN85200 St. Matthew and the Angel, 1602 (panel) by Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da (1571-1610); 295x195 cm; San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome, Italy; Photo eRaffaello Bencini; Italian, out of copyright

Fame
AII79445 Fame by Schalcken, Godfried (1643-1706); Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy; (add.info.: History of the Peloponnesian War; ); Dutch, out of copyright

The Resurrection, 1635 (oil on panel)
CH430295 The Resurrection, 1635 (oil on panel) by Keyser, Thomas de (1596/7-1667); 94x68.5 cm; Private Collection; Photo eChristies Images; Dutch, out of copyright

The Travelling Box (etching)
CH465393 The Travelling Box (etching) by Bramer, Leonard (1596-1674) (attr. to); 13.3x18.2 cm; Private Collection; Photo eChristies Images; Dutch, out of copyright

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Chiaroscuro, a term derived from the Italian words "chiaro" meaning light and "scuro" meaning dark, refers to the technique of using strong contrasts between light and shadow in visual arts. This artistic method has been employed by numerous renowned artists throughout history, such as Diego Velazquez, Raphael, and many others. In Diego Velazquez's painting "Old Woman Cooking Eggs, " created in 1618, chiaroscuro is evident through the dramatic interplay of light and shadow on the subject's face. The contrast highlights her weathered features while adding depth and dimension to the overall composition. Similarly, in his masterpiece "Christ before the High Priest, " painted in 1617, Velazquez skillfully uses chiaroscuro to emphasize Christ's solemn expression amidst a dimly lit setting. The play of light enhances both the emotional intensity of the scene and creates a sense of mystery. Another notable example is Albrecht Dürer's engraving titled "Melencolia I. " Created during the Renaissance period, this artwork showcases intricate details illuminated by contrasting areas of darkness. Chiaroscuro here serves not only as an aesthetic choice but also symbolizes melancholy itself. Moving forward in time to Jan van Kessel II's still life painting "Still Life of Asparagus" from 1699; chiaroscuro plays a significant role in highlighting each individual stalk against a dark background. This technique adds realism to the arrangement while creating an atmosphere that draws attention to every delicate detail. Raphael's monumental work "The Transfiguration of Christ, " completed between 1516-1520, exemplifies how they are be used for narrative purposes. By employing strong contrasts between light and shadow on different figures within this religious scene, Raphael effectively guides viewers' focus towards key elements or characters. Even modern artists have embraced this technique.