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Japan: Advertising poster for the Shantung Railway Company. Nakayama Taiyodo, c. 1922
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Japan: Advertising poster for the Shantung Railway Company. Nakayama Taiyodo, c. 1922
The Qingdao-Jinan Railway or Jiaoji Railway (simplified Chinese: ÞâµÁÄ" ÞÀ»; traditional Chinese: Þåáµ┐ƒÚÉÁÞÀ»; pinyin: Ji─üoji Ti─ølu, formerly the Shantung Railway) is a railway in Shandong Province, China.
The railway is 393 km in length and connects Qingdao, on the Jiaozhou Bay, and Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong. Adolph von Hansemann and other German financiers funded construction of the railway, then known as Schantung Eisenbahn Gesellschaft, which began September 23, 1899, and was completed in 1904.
In 1914, Japan occupied the city and the surrounding province during the Siege of Tsingtao after Japans declaration of war on Germany in accordance with the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. China protested Japans violation of her neutrality but did not interfere in the operations. The failure of the Allied powers to restore Chinese rule to Shandong after the war triggered the May Fourth Movement.
The city reverted to Chinese rule in December, 1922, under control of the Republic of China. However Japan maintained its economic dominance of the railway and the province as a whole. The city became a direct-controlled municipality of the ROC Government in 1929. Japan re-occupied Qingdao in 1938 with its plans of territorial expansion into Chinas coast
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This print showcases an advertising poster for the Shantung Railway Company in Japan, dating back to around 1922. The poster, created by Nakayama Taiyodo, beautifully captures the essence of this historic railway that connected Qingdao and Jinan in Shandong Province, China. Originally funded by German financiers led by Adolph von Hansemann, construction of the railway commenced in 1899 under the name Schantung Eisenbahn Gesellschaft and was completed in 1904. However, during World War I, Japan occupied Qingdao and its surrounding province after declaring war on Germany. Despite China's protests against Japan's violation of neutrality during the Siege of Tsingtao, they did not intervene. The failure of Allied powers to restore Chinese rule over Shandong after the war triggered a significant movement known as the May Fourth Movement. It aimed to challenge foreign dominance and assert Chinese sovereignty. In December 1922, Qingdao returned to Chinese control under the Republic of China government; however, Japan maintained economic dominance over both the railway and province. Eventually becoming a direct-controlled municipality within ROC Government in 1929. This powerful image serves as a reminder of historical events that shaped this region while highlighting how railways played a crucial role in connecting cities and facilitating economic growth during that era.
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