A Mid-Northern Summer / Southern Winter on Mars

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A Mid-Northern Summer / Southern Winter on Mars

February 14, 2003 - A Mid-Northern Summer/Southern Winters Mars. The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) began its daily global imaging campaign four years ago, on March 9, 1999. Since that time, slightly more than 2 full Martian years have elapsed, and MOC has obtained a complete daily record of the red planets ever-changing weather patterns.
The six views of Mars shown here are a composite of the 24 daily global images acquired by MOC on February 14, 2003. At this time, it was the middle of summer in the northern hemisphere, and the middle of winter in the south. Taken together, the six views show the entire planet, its albedo (bright and dark) features, polar frosts, and cloud patterns. Water-ice clouds dominate the martian atmosphere over the tropical and sub-tropical latitudes, while orographically-generated (i.e. those associated with high-standing topography) water-ice clouds hang over each of the large volcanoes of the Tharsis and Elysium regions (see top-left, top-center, bottom-right).
In the north polar region, the residual water-ice cap is fully exposed. In the southern hemisphere, the winter-time seasonal carbon dioxide frost cap can be seen, extending from the south pole (which is in darkness and not seen in these images) northward to 50A'S latitude. In the deep Hellas Basin (an ancient, giant impact scar seen as the bright elliptical feature at the bottom of the bottom-center image), the winter-time cap extends northward to 31A'S because the lower elevation permits carbon dioxide to freeze at slightly higher temperatures than at the high elevations elsewhere in the southern hemisphere

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Media ID 13060459

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This print titled "A Mid-Northern Summer / Southern Winter on Mars" offers a mesmerizing glimpse into the ever-changing weather patterns of the red planet. Taken by the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) on February 14,2003, this composite image is a compilation of 24 daily global images captured during MOC's four-year-long imaging campaign. The six views showcased in this print provide a comprehensive view of Mars, highlighting its distinct albedo features, polar frosts, and cloud patterns. Over the tropical and sub-tropical latitudes, water-ice clouds dominate the Martian atmosphere. Additionally, orographically-generated water-ice clouds gracefully hang over prominent volcanoes in Tharsis and Elysium regions. Intriguingly contrasting with these icy formations is the fully exposed residual water-ice cap in the north polar region. Meanwhile, in the southern hemisphere where it was winter at that time, a seasonal carbon dioxide frost cap extends from the south pole to as far north as 50°S latitude. Notably within Hellas Basin - an ancient impact scar visible as a bright elliptical feature - this wintertime cap reaches further northward to approximately 31°S due to lower elevation permitting carbon dioxide freezing at slightly higher temperatures compared to other high-elevation areas in the southern hemisphere. This extraordinary print provides an awe-inspiring perspective of Mars' unique climate dynamics and serves as a testament to humanity's continuous exploration and understanding of our neighboring celestial bodies.

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