Ruff Collection (page 79)

SING A SONG OF SIXPENCE. Wood engraving from the Munroe & Francis Boston edition of Mother Goose nursery rhymes, 1833

MIGUEL DE CERVANTES SaVEDRA (1547-1616). Spanish novelist. Line and stipple engraving

FREDERICK V (1596-1632). Known as the Winter King. Elector of the Palatinate, 1610-1623 and King of Bohemia, 1619-1620. Copper engraving, early 18th century

JAMES USSHER (1581-1656). Irish theologian and scholar. Copper engraving, English, 17th century

JOHN WINTHROP (1588-1649). American colonist and first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Line and stipple engraving, 19th century

HENRY HUDSON (d. 1611). English navigator. The Half Moon at Yonkers. Wood engraving, American, 1854

FRANCIS BACON (1561-1626). Viscount St. Albans. English philosopher and author. Colored line engraving after a painting from the studio of Paul Van Somer

JOSEPH GRIMALDI (1779-1837). English comic actor, pantomimist and clown. Steel engraving, English, 1822

JOHN NAPIER (1550-1617). Lord of Merchiston. Scottish mathematician. Stipple engraving, 19th century

FRANCIS BACON (1561-1626). English philosopher

JOHN DONNE (1573-1631). English poet and divine. Engraved title page by Matthaeus Merian the Younger, to Donnes LXXX Sermons, London, 1640

MARY STUART (1542-1587). Queen of Scots. Mary Stuart swearing that she has never plotted to take the life of Queen Elizabeth I of England. Wood engraving, 19th century

ELIZABETH OF VALOIS (1545-1568). Queen of Spain, 1560-1568. Line and stipple engraving, French, 19th century

JAMES I (1566-1625). King of Great Britain, 1603-1625. King James with George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, discussing their plan to marry Prince Charles to the Infanta Maria of Spain in 1623

ISABELLA CLARA EUGENIA (1566-1633). Infanta of Spain and Portugal; consort of Archduke Albert VII of Austria and co-sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands

MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland, 1542-1567. With her son, the future James I of Scotland. Copper engraving by Francesco Bartolozzi, 1779, after a painting

Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) and Dunlin (Calidris alpina) mixed flock, winter plumage, in flight, Norfolk, England, march

Henry, Prince of Wales
Henry Frederick Stuart, Prince of Wales, elder son of King James I of England (VI of Scotland). He died of typhoid fever. Date: 1594 - 1612

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (1576-1612), also crowned King of Hungary (1572) and Bohemia (1575). Date: 1552 - 1612

Queen Elizabeth I of England (reigned 1558-1603). Date: 1533 - 1603

King James I of England, VI of Scotland
King James I of England (reigned 1603-1625), James VI of Scotland (reigned 1567-1625). Date: 1566 - 1625

Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia
Elizabeth, Electress Palatine and Queen of Bohemia, daughter of James I, wife of Friedrich V, Elector Palatine, King of Bohemia. Date: 1596-1662

King Henry VIII of England (reigned 1509 - 1547). Date: 1491 - 1547

Mountjoy Blount
MOUNTJOY, baron BLOUNT sometimes known as the earl of Newport : natural son of Charles Blount, earl of Devonshire, finely dressed with a falling ruff. Date: 1597 - 1666

Fife player, 1598
A man playing the fife, viewed from behind

Lady powders her cheeks
A Victorian young lady with a beauty spot powders her cheeks. Date: 1889

L Wain. Old Mother Hubbard
Old Mother Hubbard -- a cat version. circa early 20th century

French & Swiss Women
Women of Strasbourg & a woman from Basle, Switzerland. Largely regional or National costumes but with ruffs (by this date were no longer fashionable). Date: 1644

Lady & Page Circa 1515
French noblewoman: trained skirt that falls softly in folds, a chemise gathered at the neck (precursor to the ruff) & a decollete bodice. Page: fur-trimmed doublet. Date: circa 1515

GERMAN NOBLES 1570-88
Two German noblemen wear small ruffs, doublets, cut-fingered pumps, hose or breeches ornamented with embroidery or ribbon bows, a sleeveless jerkin & short cloak. Date: 1570 - 1588

Red & White Costume 1818
White woollen gown / pelisse with a broad red, velvet band at hem & cuffs & military style Brandenbourg cord trim on the bodice. A large red & white bonnet completes the outfit. Date: 1818

Ambroise Pare / Holl
AMBROISE PARE French surgeon, author of books on medicine and monsters Date: 1510 - 1590

German Townsfolk 1580
Respectable townsfolk : she carries a dangling reticule and wears several necklaces beneath her high ruff Date: circa 1580

Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) adult males, breeding plumage, displaying at lek, Varanger, Norway, may

Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) adult female, standing in pool with reflection, Lesvos, Greece, may

Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) immature, standing on ice during snowfall, Martin Mere, Lancashire, England, december

Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) adult male, breeding plumage, standing at lek, Varanger, Norway, may

Ruff, historical artwork
Ruff. Historical artwork of a male ruff (Philomachus pugnax), a wading bird. Only the male has the prominent collar of display feathers that gives this bird its name

Assorted birds eggs, historical art
Birds eggs, historical artwork. This collection shows the variation in egg colours and patterns. Such patterning is mainly for camouflage, which helps to protect the eggs from predators

SIR JOHN HAWKINS (1532-1595). English admiral. Oil painting, c1591

JOHN OF AUSTRIA (1547-1578). Spanish general and illegitimate son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, known as Don Juan. Copy of a painting by Alonso Sanchez Coello, c1580

EL GRECO: GENTLEMAN. Gentleman with His Hand on His Breast. Oil on canvas, 1578-80, by El Greco

NAVAJO MASK, c1905. A Navajo man dressed up as the god Haschezhini, wearing a dark leather mask, a fur ruff, and white body paint on his torso. Photograph by Edward Curtis, c1905

CIRCUS POSTER, c1918. American poster, c1918, for Ringling Brothers Circus, featuring the Australian equestrienne May Wirth

BENOIT CONSTANT COQUELIN (1841-1909). Known as Coquelin An. French actor-manager
BENOIT CONSTANT COQUELIN (1841-1909). Known as Coquelin A├«n©. French actor-manager. In the title role of Edmond Rostands Cyrano de Bergerac, 1897

Charles IX and Elizabeth of Austria
King of France Charles IX and his wife, Elizabeth of Austria, 1500s. Antique hand-colored print

PEXP2A-00024
Explorer Henry Hudson. Hand-colored 19th-century engraving

PEXP2A-00052
Sir John Hawkins, English explorer and naval commander against the Spanish Armada, 1588. Hand-colored 19th-century woodcut reproduction of an earlier illustration

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"Ruff: A Glimpse into the Royal Era" Step back in time and immerse yourself in the captivating world of Queen Elizabeth I, as depicted by renowned artist George Gower. In his stunning portrait from 1588, we witness the regal elegance of Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland. Her commanding presence is enhanced by her elaborate ruff collar, a symbol of power and prestige. As we explore further, our attention turns to a selection of fish – an intriguing hint at the culinary delights enjoyed during this era. The richness and variety on display mirror the opulence that surrounded the royal court. Moving on to another iconic figure, Mary, Queen of Scots graces us with her presence in a vibrant red costume. This portrayal captures her fiery spirit and unwavering determination amidst turbulent times. Nicholas Hilliard's masterpiece "Queen Elizabeth: The Ermine Portrait" transports us to 1585 when this enchanting painting was created. The delicate details showcase not only Elizabeth's beauty but also her affinity for fashion trends like ruffs adorned with pearls. William Tyndale/Whittock takes center stage next – an influential figure who played a pivotal role in translating the Bible into English during Elizabethan times. His contribution revolutionized religious practices while leaving an indelible mark on history. "Gingers Rule, " proclaims one portrait featuring none other than Queen Elizabeth I herself. Celebrating her distinctive red hair color, it serves as a reminder that uniqueness should be embraced and cherished. Frans Hals' masterpieces "The Laughing Cavalier" captivate us with their enigmatic charm across different eras - 1624 (1943) & (c1915). These paintings immortalize individuals whose laughter echoes through time, reminding us to find joy even amidst life's challenges. Elizabeth Talbot or Bess of Hardwick emerges as yet another remarkable personality from this period - a countess known for her formidable character and influential role in society.