Commonwealth Of Independent Collection

Dnieper hydroelectric plant construction
Dniprohes (Dnieper hydroelectric station) under construction on the river Dnieper in Ukraine, USSR. The dam was constructed between 1927 and 1932

Tsiolkovskys works on space conquest
Konstantin Tsiolkovskys early works on space conquest. Tsiolkovsky (1857-1935) was a Russian rocket pioneer. Although he never built a rocket

Nikolai Surov, magnetic man
Nikolai Surov, a Russian man reputed to have paranormal magnetic properties. Here he is apparently attracting metallic objects. Photographed in 1990

Diamond mining, Sakha
Diamond mining in the Republic of Sakha, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Kimberlite mine, Mimi, Yakuta, Russia. Kimberlite is an igneous rock containing the mineral olivine. It is named after Kimberley in South Africa, where its main reserves are found

Coal mining in the Kuznetsk Basin, Western Siberia, Russia. This coal basin covers an area of approximately 26, 000 square kilometres

Open cast coal mining
Open cast coal mine. View across a coal mine in Buryatia, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Buryatia, a Central Asian republic of the former Soviet Union

Swing trainer for cosmonauts
Swing trainer at the Gagarin Cosmonauts Training Centre in Russia. The chair spins to disorient the trainee cosmonaut in order to assess his ability to work in difficult environments

Centrifuge training for cosmonauts
Centrifuge training at the Gagarin Cosmonauts Training Centre in Russia. The centrifuge simulates the forces experienced due to acceleration at launch so that the cosmonaut can be assessed for his

Lunar soil sample
Lunar soil, collected by the Soviet Luna 16 spacecraft. Luna 16 was launched from a preliminary Earth orbit towards the Moon in September 1970

Vega spacecraft, Russia. In December 1984 an international mission was launched to study Venus and the tail of Halleys Comet. Two identical Soviet spacecraft, Vega 1 and 2, carried the equipment

Medicinal reindeer antlers. Farmer in Kedrovsky, Russia, preparing reindeer antlers (panti) for use in medicine. Due to their popularity in medicine in both Russia and the Far East

Reptile skull
Skull of a young crown-head reptile, found in the town of Ocher, Russia

Mammoth bone musical instruments
Prehistoric carved mammoth bone musical instruments. Dating from around 20, 000 years ago, during the Stone Age, these carvings are believed to have been used by early Man to produce sound

Emerald gemstone. Emeralds are a green variety of the mineral beryl (beryllium aluminium silicate), which get their colour from traces of chromium and iron

Russian nuclear laboratory
Laboratory in Russias Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, near Moscow. Set up as a response to Europes CERN, JINR is a centre for scientists of, mainly ex-communist

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The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) represents a diverse region with remarkable achievements and advancements across various fields. From the monumental construction of the Dnieper hydroelectric plant, providing sustainable energy to millions, to Tsiolkovsky's groundbreaking works on space conquest, this alliance has left an indelible mark on history. Within its borders lies the enigmatic figure of Nikolai Surov, known as the magnetic man for his extraordinary ability to manipulate magnetic fields. His unique talent captivates scientists worldwide and pushes boundaries in understanding human potential. Venturing into natural resources, CIS boasts diamond mining in Sakha, where the precious gemstones are extracted from Kimberlite mines. This industry not only contributes significantly to global markets but also showcases the nation's rich geological wealth. Coal mining plays a vital role in meeting energy demands within CIS. The vast open-cast coal mines stand as testaments to their commitment towards self-sufficiency and economic growth. These operations provide employment opportunities while ensuring a steady supply of fuel for industries and households alike. In parallel with these earthly endeavors, CIS pioneers space exploration by developing advanced training facilities such as swing trainers and centrifuges for cosmonauts. These innovative tools simulate zero-gravity conditions and prepare astronauts for their celestial journeys beyond Earth's atmosphere. One notable achievement is obtaining lunar soil samples through meticulous missions that deepen our understanding of outer space. Additionally, the successful launch of Vega spacecraft demonstrates CIS's capability to navigate complex interstellar voyages while contributing valuable data to scientific research. The Commonwealth of Independent States stands tall amidst its multifaceted accomplishments – from harnessing renewable energy sources like hydroelectricity at Dnieper plant construction; pioneering space exploration through Tsiolkovsky's visionary works; unearthing treasures beneath Sakha's diamond-rich lands; extracting coal resources via open-cast mining methods; nurturing future cosmonauts using state-of-the-art training equipment; delving into the mysteries of lunar soil samples.