Cofactor Collection

Blood coagulation cascade, artwork C016 / 9873
Blood coagulation cascade. Artwork of the biochemical cascade of blood chemicals and proteins during blood clotting (coagulation). The blood vessel and its layered wall is at upper left

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0139
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing the interaction between coagulation factor VIII (FVIII, pink, blue and yellow) and factor IXa (FIXa, cream and grey)

DNA transcription, illustration C018 / 0900
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) transcription. Illustration of an RNA (ribonucelic acid) polymerase molecule (centre) synthesising an mRNA (messenger RNA) strand (bottom)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen molecule. Molecular model of human proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, blue, green and red), complexed with its loader protein (purple, orange)

Rhodopsin molecule F006 / 9325
Rhodopsin molecule. Molecular model of the rhodopsin complex. Rhodopsin (also called visual purple) is a pigment found in the rod photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0409
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing the interaction between coagulation factor VIII (FVIII, pink, blue and yellow), factor IXa (FIXa)

Coagulation factor complex molecule C014 / 0410
Coagulation factor complex molecule. Molecular model showing the interaction between coagulation factor VIII (FVIII, pink, blue and yellow), factor IXa (FIXa)

Vitamin B12 and coenzyme molecule
Vitamin B12 and coenzyme. Molecular model of vitamin B12 in its cofactor (active) form. Cofactors are compounds that are bound to a coenzyme

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"Cofactors: Unveiling the Intricate Dance of Molecules in Biological Processes" In the intricate realm of biological processes, cofactors play a crucial role in orchestrating various molecular interactions. From blood coagulation to DNA transcription, these tiny entities are indispensable for life's delicate balance. One such example is seen in the blood coagulation cascade, where artwork C016 / 9873 depicts an intricate web of reactions. Here, cofactors act as catalysts, facilitating the formation of a coagulation factor complex molecule (C014 / 0139) that ultimately leads to clotting and wound healing. Moving on to DNA transcription, illustration C018 / 0900 showcases how cofactors aid in this fundamental process. By binding to specific regions on DNA strands, they enhance gene expression and ensure accurate replication. But it doesn't stop there – proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), represented by its artistic depiction or repeated mention here (Proliferating cell nuclear antigen), is another vital cofactor involved in DNA replication and repair mechanisms. Its presence ensures faithful duplication of genetic material while maintaining genomic stability. Shifting our focus to visual perception, we encounter rhodopsin molecules like F006 / 9325. Acting as light-sensitive pigments within our eyes' photoreceptor cells, these cofactors enable us to perceive images even under low-light conditions. Returning once more to blood coagulation pathways depicted by molecules C014 / 0409 and C014 / 0410 - their involvement highlights how different types of cofactors work together harmoniously during complex physiological processes.