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William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle

William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle


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William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle

William Nicholson (1753-1815) English physicist and inventor and Anthony Carlisle (1768-1840), English surgeon. In 1800 Nicholson made the first Voltaic Pile constructed in England which he and Carlisle used for their experiments.They took a small tube, mounted vertically, filled with water then sealed, into which at either end was inserted a platinum wire connected to one of the two battery terminals. As the tips of the wires were gradually advanced towards each other they observed that a stream of bubbles was produced from each tip, one found to be of oxygen, the other hydrogen. The electric current decomposed the water into the two gases of which it is made. Nicholson and Carlisle had discovered electrolysis from which developed the science of electrochemistry. Three sources of electricity are shown, the Voltaic Pile, a frictional electrical generator and two Leyden Jars

Science Photo Library features Science and Medical images including photos and illustrations

Media ID 6298611

© SHEILA TERRY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

1800 Electric Current Electrochemistry Electrolysis Hydrogen Inventor Nicholson Oxygen Physicist Surgeon Voltaic Pile Carlisle William Nicholson


EDITORS COMMENTS
This print captures the brilliant minds of William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle, two influential figures in the field of science during the 19th century. In 1800, Nicholson accomplished a remarkable feat by constructing England's first Voltaic Pile, an early form of battery. Together with Carlisle, they embarked on a series of groundbreaking experiments using this invention. The image showcases three distinct sources of electricity that played pivotal roles in their research. The Voltaic Pile takes center stage, representing their revolutionary creation. Adjacent to it is a frictional electrical generator, symbolizing another source of power harnessed for experimentation. Additionally, two Leyden Jars are displayed; these devices were used to store static electricity. Their most significant discovery came through observing the effects of electric current on water within a sealed tube filled with water. As platinum wires connected to the battery terminals were gradually brought together inside this apparatus, streams of bubbles emerged from each tip – one releasing oxygen and the other hydrogen gas. This phenomenon marked their monumental breakthrough: electrolysis - which laid the foundation for electrochemistry as we know it today. This awe-inspiring photograph not only immortalizes Nicholson and Carlisle but also serves as a testament to their pioneering work that forever changed our understanding of electricity and chemical reactions.

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