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Bishop Butler

Bishop Butler


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Bishop Butler

Bishop Joseph Butler (1692-1752). Born in Wantage, of Berkshire (now Oxfordshire). He is best known for his critique of Deism, Thomas Hobbess egoism, and John Lockes theory of personal identity. Date: 19th century

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Media ID 20032526

© Mary Evans / Peter & Dawn Cope Collection Mary Evans / Peter & Dawn Cope Collection

Berkshire Best Bishop Born Butler Critique Identity Oxfordshire Personal Theory Wantage Egoism


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EDITORS COMMENTS
1. Title: Bishop Joseph Butler (1692-1752): A Prominent Anglican Theologian and Philosopher of the 18th Century. This portrait depicts the revered Anglican Bishop and philosopher, Joseph Butler, born in the picturesque town of Wantage, in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire), England, in 1692. Butler's profound intellect and eloquent writings left an indelible mark on the philosophical landscape of the 18th century, as he engaged in critical discourse with prominent thinkers of his time, including Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and the emerging Deist movement. Bishop Butler's most notable contributions to philosophy include his critique of Deism, a philosophical movement that emphasized reason and natural religion, and rejected the need for supernatural revelation. In his influential work, "The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, to the Constitution and Course of Nature," Butler argued that the natural world and human experience provide evidence for the existence of God and the validity of religious belief. Moreover, Butler challenged Thomas Hobbes' egoistic philosophy, which held that human beings are driven solely by self-interest. In his essay "Five Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel," Butler presented a more nuanced view of human nature, emphasizing the role of social affections and moral duties in shaping human behavior. Additionally, Bishop Butler engaged with John Locke's theory of personal identity, which posited that the self is defined by consciousness and memory. In his posthumously published work, "Four Dissertations," Butler offered a different perspective, suggesting that the self is constituted by the continuity of the soul and its spiritual substance. This photograph, taken in the 19th century, serves as a poignant reminder of Bishop Butler's enduring influence on the intellectual and theological discourse of his time and beyond.

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