Tenochtitlan Collection

Map of Tenochtitlan. Mexico, 1560. By Alonso de Santa Cruz
Map of Tenochtitlan. Mexico, 1560. General islario of all the islands in the world. Work of the chronicler and cosmographer Alonso de Santa Cruz (1505-1567). National Library. Madrid. Spain

TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY) at the time of the Spanish Conquest: colored woodcut, 1556

TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY). Mexico City at the time of the Spanish Conquest: colored woodcut from the Latin edition of Cortes Second Letter, Nuremberg, 1524

NATL2A-00001
Temple ceremony in an Aztec city. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Hand-colored woodcut
Aztec tiger knight in a costume of cotton and a helmet made of wood, from a model in Spain. Hand-colored woodcut of a 19th-century illustration

Aztecs Warriors 1521
Despite the loss of the Fort of Xoloc and the raising to the ground of the Old Palace at Tenochtitlan, the exhausted Aztecs fight furiously on

Customs / Sacrifice / Human
AZTECS OF MEXICO Priests of Tenochtitlan sacrifice victims to the god Huitzilopochtli

Reconstruction of the Templo Mayor complex in the city of Mexico-Tenochtitlan, founded in 1325. It was the capital of the Aztec Empire until its occupation in 1521 by Hernᮠ Cort鳠 during

TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY). Great Tenochtitlan / The Market: detail from Diego Riveras mural of market day in the Aztec
TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY). Great Tenochtitlan/The Market: detail from Diego Riveras mural of market day in the Aztec capital. The Great Temple is seen in background

Map of the Americas, 1660
17th century map of the Americas. Published in Amsterdam in 1660, this map by the Dutch cartographer Frederick de Witt (1630-1706) shows the geography of the Americas

Moctezuma II, Hernan Cortes, Pedro de Alvarado, Gonzalo de
Conquerors and conquered. Moctezuma II (1467-1520), Hernan Cortes (1485-1547), Pedro de Alvarado (1485-1541), Gonzalo de Sandoval (1497-1527) and Cristobal de Olid (1488-1524). Colored engraving

NATL2A-00002
Street in Aztec Tenochtitian (reconstruction). Hand-colored halftone reproduction of a 19th-century illustration

Hernan Cortes meets Emperor Moctezuma
3846960 Hernan Cortes meets Emperor Moctezuma by Unknown Artist, (16th century); (add.info.: Hernan Cortes meets Emperor Moctezuma, 8 November 1519)

Illustration of Axzecs welcome conquistadors as Moctezuma walks beneath canopy to greet the Spaniards at Tenochtitlan

Mexico / Mexico City 1730
Mexico City (Tenochtitlan): general view

Mexico / Tenochtitlan
A reconstruction of the Front wall and Entrance Gate of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztecs, above which modern Mexico City now stands

Plan of Tenochtitlan
Cortes plan of Tenochtitlan

Mexico, Mexico City, Aztec, Templo Mayor, Great Temple, Wall of Skulls, Metropolitan Cathedral in Background, Centro Historico

Emperor Moctezuma attacked by rebels
3846963 Emperor Moctezuma attacked by rebels; (add.info.: Emperor Moctezuma attacked by rebels - the fall of the Aztec Empire)

The tree of Noche Triste, Popotla, between 1884 and 1900. Creator: William H. Jackson
The tree of Noche Triste, Popotla, between 1884 and 1900

Mexico, the Castle of Chapultepec, between 1884 and 1900. Creator: William H. Jackson
Mexico, the Castle of Chapultepec, between 1884 and 1900

The Palace from the Cathedral, city of Mexico, between 1880 and 1897. Creator: Unknown
The Palace from the Cathedral, city of Mexico, between 1880 and 1897

Mexico - Street Scene In Mexico City, 1911. Creator: Harris & Ewing. Mexico - Street Scene In Mexico City, 1911
Mexico - Street Scene In Mexico City, 1911

Mexico - Bird's Eye View of Mexico City, 1911. Creator: Harris & Ewing
Mexico - Bird's Eye View of Mexico City, 1911

Aztec warriors defending the temple of Tenochtitlan, Mexico. The Aztec city of Tenochtitlan was founded in 1325. Its main temple was the site of ritual human sacrifices

Mexico, Mexico City, Walls Of The Templo Mayor, Aztec Ruins, Great Temple, Tenochtitlan, Cathedral In Background, Temple Buried Underneath The Main Plaza, Centro Historico

Conquest of Mexico: Cortes arresting the king Montezuma II, 1519 (chromo)
3788704 Conquest of Mexico: Cortes arresting the king Montezuma II, 1519 (chromo) by Unknown Artist, (19th century); (add.info.: Cortez takes Montezuma prisoner (French)

Mexico, Mexico City, Aztec Chacmool, Sculpture, Templo Mayor, Great Temple, Tenochtitlan, Centro Historico

Idol Vitzliputzli (Huitzilopochtli). Mexican idol. Engraving. Historia de la Conquista de Mexico, poblacion, y progresos de la America septentrional

The Great Aztec Temple at Tenochtitlan. Dedicated to the god of war. Built in a large square, with an ashlar wall, carved on the outside with different loops of chained snakes. Engraving

Representation of the city of Mexico (Mexico-Tenochtitlan). Divided into two neighborhoods. One called Tlatelulco (a), where most of the population lived, and the other Mexico (e)

SPANISH AMBUSHED 1520
Fleeing from Tenochtitlan following the death of Montezuma, Cortes and his men are ambushed in a canal by the Aztecs. Date: 1520

All sense of order and discipline was lost (colour litho)
969254 All sense of order and discipline was lost (colour litho) by Robinson, James Henry (1852-1922); Private Collection; (add.info.: All sense of order and discipline was lost)

The amazing city of Tenochtitlan (gouache on paper)
LAL302375 The amazing city of Tenochtitlan (gouache on paper) by Marshall, John (fl.1840-96); Private Collection; (add.info.: Second Sight: The Amazing Capital of the Aztecs)

Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II (Stone of the Five Suns), 1503. Creator: Unknown
Coronation Stone of Motecuhzoma II (Stone of the Five Suns), 1503. Large plaque of stone carved with animal and geometric hieroglyphs

Hernan Cortes fleeing the Aztec capital
3846961 Hernan Cortes fleeing the Aztec capital by Unknown Artist, (17th century); (add.info.: Hernan Cortes fleeing the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, with the Spaniards, 30 June 1520)

Eagle warrior from the House of the Eagles, dated to c. 1469 (terracotta)
REV397397 Eagle warrior from the House of the Eagles, dated to c. 1469 (terracotta) by Aztec; Museo del Templo Mayor, Mexico City

View of Mexico City, 1714 (coloured engraving)
REV397914 View of Mexico City, 1714 (coloured engraving) by Italian School, (18th century); Biblioteca Nacional de Mexico, Mexico; Italian, out of copyright

Acueducto de Chapultepec, 1842 (oil on canvas)
6330108 Acueducto de Chapultepec, 1842 (oil on canvas) by Pingret, Edouard (1788-1875); 75 x 93 cm; Private Collection; Photo eChristies Images; French, out of copyright

Spanish attack Aztec fleet on Lake Texcoco
Part of the seige of Tenochtitlan by Cortes and the Tlaxcala army, the Spanish ships are vastly outmatching the Aztec war canoes, both in size and the technology

Cortes Meets Montezuma
Hernan Cortes meets Montezuma II in tenochtitlan, Mexico. Date: 1520

Tenochtitlan before the Spanish Arrived
Tenochtitlan city before the Spanish conquest. Date: 1519

"Return to your homes. Lay down your arms"(colour litho)
969251 " Return to your homes. Lay down your arms" (colour litho) by Robinson, James Henry (1852-1922); Private Collection; (add.info.: " Return to your homes)

Priests of Tenochtitlan Sacrifice Victims to their Gods
Aztecs of Mexico- Priests of Tenochtitlan sacrifice victims to their gods Date: circa 1500

Human Sacrifices Thrown from Platform by Priests
Aztecs of Mexico- Priests at Tenochtitlan cut the heart from a still- living victim then fling the carcase from the platform Date: circa 1500

Head of Xilonen, the Goddess of Young Maize, Tenochtitlan, Mexico, 1450 / 1500 (basalt)
3964176 Head of Xilonen, the Goddess of Young Maize, Tenochtitlan, Mexico, 1450/1500 (basalt) by Aztec, (16th century); 32.4x20.3x12.1 cm; The Art Institute of Chicago, IL

Eagle warrior from the House of the Eagles, dated to c. 1469 (terracotta)
REV397396 Eagle warrior from the House of the Eagles, dated to c. 1469 (terracotta) by Aztec; Museo del Templo Mayor, Mexico City

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"Tenochtitlan: A Glorious Aztec Capital Rich in History and Culture" Step back in time to the majestic city of Tenochtitlan, once the thriving capital of the mighty Aztec empire. This captivating map by Alonso de Santa Cruz from 1560 offers a glimpse into the layout and grandeur of this ancient metropolis. In this colored woodcut from 1556, we witness Tenochtitlan at the time of Spanish conquest. The image portrays a bustling cityscape with intricate architecture and canals that crisscrossed through its heart, showcasing its advanced urban planning. The bravery and valor of Aztec warriors during their battles are depicted vividly in images like "Aztecs Warriors 1521. " These fierce fighters defended their beloved city against foreign invaders with unwavering determination. As we explore further, we encounter customs deeply rooted in sacrifice and human rituals. The hand-colored woodcut reveals glimpses into these sacred practices that played an integral role in shaping religious beliefs within Tenochtitlan's society. Reconstructed Templo Mayor complex stands as a testament to the architectural prowess of this great civilization. Its towering structures were dedicated to various gods worshipped by the Aztecs, reflecting their spiritual devotion. Diego Rivera's mural transports us to market day within Tenochtitlan's vibrant streetscape. The Great Temple looms majestically in the background as locals engage in lively trade and commerce – a testament to their economic prosperity. This detailed map from 1660 showcases not only Tenochtitlan but also provides insight into how it was situated within the broader context of America during that era. It highlights both its significance on a local scale while acknowledging its place among other influential civilizations across continents. Lastly, figures like Moctezuma II, Hernan Cortes, Pedro de Alvarado, Gonzalo de play significant roles when discussing Tenochtitlan's history.