Stratigraphical Collection

Geological Map of Oxfordshire
Delineation of Strata of Oxfordshire by William Smith

Thomas Sopwith (1803-1879) & geological models
Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879) was an eminent geologist and civil engineer who pioneered methods of representing geological features

Sopwith Model XII: Denudation of mineral veins
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on inclined strata, with increased complexity to the situation in Model VII

Sopwith Model VII: Surface denudation of veins
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on otherwise flat, horizontal strata. The discontinuity between the beds as viewed at the surface can be seen

Sopwith Models: denudation & faulting
Models showing the effect of denudation and faulting on how rock strata appear at the surface. Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879)

Sopwith Model II: Coal strata near Newcastle
Unlike the models of generic situations this representation of coal strata was specific to a particular surveyed location in England showing several thin, and mostly hidden, coal seams

Sopwith Model VII: Denudation of mineral veins
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on otherwise flat, horizontal strata. The discontinuity between the beds as viewed at the surface can be seen

Sopwith Model VI: Intersecting mineral veins
This Model, rather than representing the strata as they would appear at the surface, shows how a seam of coal can be displaced in the subsurface by various modes of faulting

Sopwith Model XI: Vertical intersecting veins
This model, when separated, shows the complex interface between faulted strata of rocks. Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879) was an eminent geologist

Sopwith Model XII: Mineral vein denudation
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on inclined strata, with increased complexity to the situation in Model VII

Sopwith Model VIII: Overcutting of strata
This model shows overcut strata: when the layers of rock are inclined at a gentler angle than the eroded slope, the resulting vee pattern points uphill

Sopwith Model VII: Surface denudation
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on otherwise flat, horizontal strata. The discontinuity between the beds as viewed at the surface can be seen

Sopwith Model X: Denuded basset of strata
This model shows undercut strata: when the layers of rock are inclined at a steeper angle than the eroded slope, the resulting vee pattern points downhill

Sopwith Model V: Dislocations of coal strata
This model shows that while very little coal may appear at ground level, coal seams (subject to faults and dislocations) can be found below the ground

Sopwith Model IV: Fallacious coal indications
This model depicts the scenario where from the surface an abundance of coal appears to exist, but there is actually very little quantity below

Sopwith Model III: Dislocation of strata
This model represents the side of a valley of denudation, with undisturbed horizontal beds of sedimentary rock when fully assembled

Sopwith Model I: Stratified rocks / denudation
Black lines in this model represent coal seams, between lighter shales and sandstones. When separated the lower section shows a gently inclined valley floor

Sopwith Model II: Coal strata nr Newcastle
Unlike the models of generic situations this representation of coal strata was specific to a particular surveyed location in England showing several thin, and mostly hidden, coal seams

Cover of Thomas Sopwiths Geological Model Set
Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879) was an eminent geologist and civil engineer who pioneered methods of representing geological features

Thomas Sopwiths Geological Model Set
Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879) was an eminent geologist and civil engineer who pioneered methods of representing geological features

William Smith (1769-1839) English geologist founder of stratigraphical geology. His insight into geological strata was gained while he was working as a canal surveyor. From Life of Sir Roderick I

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"Unveiling the Geological Layers: Exploring Stratigraphical Hints in Oxfordshire" Delving into the depths of Oxfordshire's geological history, we find ourselves captivated by the intricate details presented on the Geological Map of this enchanting region. Thomas Sopwith, a visionary geologist from the 19th century, left an indelible mark with his remarkable geological models. Among these captivating models is Sopwith Model XII, which vividly portrays the denudation process affecting mineral veins. As if frozen in time, it reveals nature's relentless erosion and alteration over countless years. Similarly, Sopwith Model VII showcases surface denudation of veins - a mesmerizing display that unravels how external forces shape our planet's hidden treasures. Sopwith Models serve as invaluable tools for understanding both denudation and faulting processes. Model II takes us to Newcastle where coal strata reign supreme; its intricate design provides insights into how these valuable resources are distributed beneath Earth's surface. Venturing deeper into Sopwith's world of geological wonders, we encounter Model VI depicting intersecting mineral veins. This masterpiece illustrates nature's artistry as different minerals intertwine beneath our feet. In contrast, Model XI unveils vertical intersecting veins - a testament to Earth’s complex dynamics and their impact on subterranean formations. Model XII once again captures our attention with its focus on mineral vein denudation. The intricately crafted representation allows us to witness firsthand how natural forces sculpted these precious deposits over eons. Not limited to just veining phenomena, Sopwith also explored stratigraphical mysteries through his models. Model VIII highlights the fascinating phenomenon known as overcutting of strata – showcasing layers eroded beyond recognition by powerful geological processes. As we marvel at each model created by Thomas Sopwith, they remind us that every inch of Earth holds secrets waiting to be unveiled.