Stimulation Collection

Caffeine crystals, light micrograph
Caffeine crystals. Polarised light micrograph of crystals of caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine). Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system increasing alertness and deferring fatigue

French neurologist Duchenne de Boulogne using his electrophysiology apparatus on an old man, 1862 (b / w photo)
6014967 French neurologist Duchenne de Boulogne using his electrophysiology apparatus on an old man, 1862 (b/w photo) by Duchenne de Boulogne

Electrical stimulation of facial muscles
Facial muscles being stimulated by a " reophore" (connecting wire of electric battery traversed by current) to demonstrate the mechanics of facial expression. Top left - normal

Engraving depicting Luigi Galvani's outdoor experiment which investigates the behaviour of muscles stimulated by
5309465 Engraving depicting Luigi Galvani's outdoor experiment which investigates the behaviour of muscles stimulated by electricity; (add.info)

Engraving depicting Luigi Galvani's experiment which investigates the behaviour of muscles stimulated by
5309466 Engraving depicting Luigi Galvani's experiment which investigates the behaviour of muscles stimulated by electricity; (add.info)

Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) source of Digitalis, used from Medieval times as emetic and purgative
539165 Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) source of Digitalis, used from Medieval times as emetic and purgative. 19th century (lithograph); (add.info)

Figure 26: Expression of painful attention and attention, attentive gaze. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 53: Whimpering and false laughter, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 39: The attention attracted by an object that provokes lascivious ideas and desires. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 9: A study of m. frontalis in maximum contraction, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 15: Meditation, mental concentration, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 27: Expression proportionally more pained, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 81: Lady Macbeth, moderate expression of cruelty, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 42: Gaiety expressed by the ideas of lustfulness, cynicism, and lewdness. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 10: Showing the expressive lines of m. frontalis in a young girl, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 55: Astonishment badly rendered by the subject: a ridiculous and inane expression. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 21: Painful recollection and recollection or calling something to mind, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 71: Same head as in Plate 70, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne, Adrien Alban Tournachon
Figure 71: Same head as in Plate 70, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 57: Astonishment, stupefaction, amazement, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 73: Head of Niobe, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 73: Head of Niobe, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 12: A study of the contraction of and the expression produced by the superior part of m. orbicularis oculi, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 47: A suggestion of this same weeping, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 56: Surprise, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 56: Surprise, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 63: Expression of terror, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 63: Expression of terror, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 34: Grimace, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 34: Grimace, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 4: The face in repose of a young man, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 3: The face of an old man... photographed in repose. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 83: Lady Macbeth, ferocious cruelty, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 82: Lady Macbeth, strong expression of cruelty, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 8: Contraction of the right m. frontalis. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 24: Extreme pain to the point of exhaustion, the head of Christ and memory of love or ecstatic gaze. 1854-56, printed 1862

Icono-photographique. Mecanisme de la Physionomie Humaine. Fig. 65, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 19: Suffering, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 19: Suffering, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 48: Mild weeping, pity and feeble false laughter, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 25: Not an expression of pain, 1854-56, printed 1862

Faradisation du muscle frontal, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Faradisation du muscle frontal, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 52: Voluntary retraction of the lower lip, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 54: Voluntary lowering of the lower jaw, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 66: Head of Arrotino (the spy, the knife grinder, and so on), 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 22: No painful expression, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 49: Painful weeping and forward looking. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 18: Aggression, wickedness, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 17: On the right, electrization of m. procerus: severity, aggression. On the left: attention. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 60: Fright, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 60: Fright, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 70: Head of the Laocoon of Rome, 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne, Adrien Alban Tournachon
Figure 70: Head of the Laocoon of Rome, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 45: Pain and despair. 1854-56, printed 1862. Creators: Duchenne de Boulogne
Figure 45: Pain and despair. 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 6: The grimace produced is similar to a tic of the face, 1854-56, printed 1862

Figure 75: Nun saying her prayers, 1854-56, printed 1862

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"Unveiling the Intricacies of Stimulation: From Caffeine Crystals to Facial Muscles" In the realm of stimulation, a world brimming with captivating discoveries awaits. Picture caffeine crystals delicately dissolving in your morning brew, infusing you with an invigorating jolt to conquer the day. But let us delve deeper into this fascinating subject. Imagine peering through a light micrograph, where intricate details come alive before your eyes. Witness how electrical they are awaken dormant facial muscles, transforming expressions and revealing hidden emotions. Transporting ourselves back in time, we find French neurologist Duchenne de Boulogne meticulously conducting experiments on an old man using his groundbreaking electrophysiology apparatus in 1862. A black and white photograph captures this momentous occasion—a testament to human curiosity and scientific progress. Figure 26 presents a captivating display—an expression of painful attention juxtaposed against an attentive gaze, and is as if one's mind is caught between two worlds—absorbed yet tormented by thoughts that demand focus. Moving forward, Figure 53 unveils a complex interplay between whimpering and false laughter—an enigmatic dance of conflicting emotions captured during the mid-19th century but printed for all generations to ponder upon. Figure 39 takes us on another intriguing journey—a glimpse into the allure of lascivious objects that effortlessly captivate our attention while provoking desires we may not readily admit. The expressive lines etched upon Figure 9 depict m. frontalis—the youthful face adorned with maximum contraction—an embodiment of determination and resilience frozen in time from the years spanning 1854-56 but immortalized through print in 1862. Stepping further into contemplation, Figure 15 invites us to witness meditation's serene embrace—a mental concentration so profound it transcends temporal boundaries—reminding us that even amid chaos, tranquility can be found within oneself.