Seismology Collection

Earths tectonic plates. Global map showing the boundaries of the tectonic plates that make up the Earths crust. The eight major plates are the: African Plate, Antarctic Plate, Indian Plate

San Andreas fault, aerial view
Aerial photograph of the San Andreas fault as it crosses the Carrizo Plain some 450km (300 miles) south of San Francisco & 160km (100 miles) north of Los Angeles

Buzz Aldrin sets up the seismic experiment, Apollo II mission, July 1969. Creator: Neil Armstrong
Buzz Aldrin sets up the seismic experiment, Apollo II mission, July 1969. Astronaut Buzz Aldrin on the lunar surface. The Apollo 11 Lunar Module, code named Eagle

Luigi Palmieri, Italian geophysicist, 1893. Palmieri (1807-1896) was director of the Vesuvius Observatory which monitored the activity of the volcano. In 1855 he invented a seismograph

Tectonic plate boundary types, diagram
Tectonic plate boundary types. Diagram showing three types of movement (arrows) at tectonic plate boundaries. Tectonic plates moving parallel to each other (bottom)

Illustration of an earthquake

Early Earth globe, artwork C016 / 3733
Early Earth globe, artwork. On this early Earth, the first continents are forming with clouds present in the atmosphere. On the existing land masses, there is widespread volcanic activity

Africa and Atlantic Ocean, with clouds C016 / 3727
Africa and Atlantic Ocean, with clouds. Computer graphic of an Earth globe centred on West Africa, generated using satellite and mapping data

On the inhospitable lava-strewn hills surrounding the inlet of Ghoubbet el Khar‰ b (the Devils Throat), a relative of the Dragons Blood Tree (Dracaena orbet)

After a rain shower, shrubs of the Pea family (Papilionoideae) give a splash of colour to the forbidding landscape near Ghoubbet el Kharab (the Devils Throat)

An aerial view of the caldera Sisale Kma
An aerial view of the caldera Sisale K ma, which is 3, 937 feet in diameter and 300, 000 years old. It is situated at the inlet of Ghoubbet el Kharab (the Devils Throat)

An aerial view of the volcanic cones at the inlet of Ghoubbet el Khar‰ b (the Devils Throat), a region of high seismic activity where deep fractures in the lava continue to widen year by year

Seismograph on display, Selfridges, Oxford Street, London
Seismograph on display in the Information Bureau, on the third floor of Selfridges department store, Oxford Street, London, used for recording earthquakes. Date: circa 1932

Illustration of thrust faulting, causing blocks of crust to stack up above one another

Illustration of collapsed section of the Earths crust forming rift valley

Illustration of folds forming in the Earths crust

Three illustrations of shock waves created by an earthquake, consisting of P-waves (primary waves)

Illustration of an earthquake pushing ground apart, cross section

Illustration of Italian seismometer invented in 1751

Illustration of ancient earthquake detector

SEISMOGRAPH, c1920. American seismograph for detecting earthquakes. Photograph, c1920

Illustration showing opposing forces between Pacific and North American Plates along San Andreas Fault

Illustration showing sectioned view of Earth displaying internal forces when earthquakes occurs

Iceland tectonic plate zone, artwork C016 / 7687
Iceland tectonic plate zone. Computer artwork showing how the country of Iceland (green) is located right on the junction between the North American (upper left) and Eurasian (lower right)

Earthquake mechanism, artwork C016 / 7684
Earthquake mechanism. Computer artwork showing how an earthquake is produced when two tectonic plates moving past each other (top) along a transform boundary (horizontal) suddenly slip (bottom)

Seismometer, artwork
Seismometer. Artwork showing the basic principle of a seismometer, a device used to record earthquakes. A heavy weight (spherical) is suspended on a spring

Seismic tomography, diagram
Seismic tomography. Diagram showing how analysis of seismic waves generated by an earthquake can be used to locate and map underground structures within the Earth

Caribbean plate tectonics, artwork
Caribbean plate tectonics. Block artwork showing the formation of the arc of volcanic islands of the Lesser Antilles along a tectonic plate boundary (brown, arrowed line) in the Caribbean

East African Rift tectonics, artwork
East African Rift tectonics. Block artwork of the Earths crust being pulled apart by plate tectonics in the Horn of Africa region of the East African Rift (Great Rift Valley)

Earthquake movements, artwork
Earthquake movements, block artworks. At top is an unstressed block of the Earths crust, with three layers shown and the future fault line shown as a dotted blue line

Continental and oceanic crust, artwork C016 / 3737
Continental and oceanic crust. Cutaway block artwork of the Earths crust (brown) at the edge of a continent. It is thinnest beneath the ocean (far right), thicker beneath the continent (centre)

Early Earths internal structure, artwork
Early Earths internal structure. Artwork of a hemispherical cross-section through the early Earth, with thin oceanic crust and formation of the first continental landmasses

The Americas, sea floor topography C016 / 3726
The Americas, sea floor topography. Computer graphic of an Earth globe centred on the Americas, generated using satellite and mapping data

Atlantic Ocean, sea floor topography C016 / 3725
Atlantic Ocean, sea floor topography. Computer graphic of an Earth globe centred on the Atlantic Ocean, generated using satellite and mapping data

Indian Ocean, sea floor topography C016 / 3723
Indian Ocean, sea floor topography and clouds. Computer graphic of the Indian Ocean on an Earth globe, generated using satellite and mapping data

Indian Ocean, chlorophyll and bathymetry C016 / 3721
Indian Ocean, chlorophyll concentration and bathymetry with clouds. Computer graphic of the Indian Ocean on an Earth globe, generated using satellite and mapping data

Indian Ocean, sea floor topography C016 / 3715
Indian Ocean, sea floor topography. Computer graphic of the Indian Ocean on an Earth globe, generated using satellite and mapping data

Seismic measuring device, Nisyros volcano
Seismic measuring device in the crater of the Nisyros volcano. It is covered in sulphur deposits. Photographed on the Greek island of Nisyros

Seismological laser monitoring Parkfield fault
Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment. Laser system being used to monitor the movement of the San Andreas fault at Parkfield in central California

Earthquake tremor

Rescuers working in the aftermath of an e
Sakhalin earthquake. Workers use cranes to rescue survivors from collapsed buildings after the Sakhalin earthquake. Earthquakes are tremors caus- ed when sections of the earth move against each other

Strain meters measuring seismic slip at Parkfield
Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment. Strain meters measuring seismic slip on the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California

Aerial photo of San Andreas fault
Aerial photograph of the San Andreas fault as it crosses the Carrizo Plain some 450km (300 miles) south of San Francisco & 160km (100 miles) north of Los Angeles

Fractured basalt. This rock formed from a cooling lava flow. It has become fractured due to the movement within the Earths crust

Earthquake risk map

Parkfield earthquake prediction: VIBROSEIS truck
Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment. Dr Richard Clymer operates a VIBROSEIS truck. It produces artificials (shear) waves of a precise frequency which can be used to probe the underlying rock

Technician checks earthquake equipment: Parkfield
Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment. A U.S. Geological Survey field technician checks on equipment installed in one of the 18 water wells located around Parkfield

1906 San Francisco quake intensity map
1906 San Francisco earthquake intensity map, as applied to the area in 2003. The earthquake of 18th April 1906 had a magnitude of around 7.9

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Seismology: Unveiling the Secrets of Earth's Tremors From the depths of our planet to the vastness of space, it has been instrumental in unraveling the mysteries that lie beneath our feet. By studying seismic waves and their effects, scientists have gained invaluable insights into Earth's tectonic plates and the forces that shape our world. A breathtaking aerial view captures the infamous San Andreas fault snaking through California, a visible reminder of the immense power locked within these shifting plates. It serves as a constant reminder of nature's unpredictability and humbles us with its potential for destruction. In July 1969, Buzz Aldrin meticulously sets up a seismic experiment during Apollo II mission under Neil Armstrong's watchful eye. This groundbreaking moment marked humanity's first attempt to understand moonquakes and paved the way for future lunar explorations. The contributions made by Luigi Palmieri, an Italian geophysicist in 1893, cannot be overstated. His pioneering work on seismographs revolutionized earthquake detection and monitoring systems worldwide. Today we can marvel at one such seismograph proudly displayed at Selfridges on Oxford Street in London – a testament to human ingenuity. An awe-inspiring illustration vividly depicts an earthquake in all its terrifying grandeur - buildings crumbling, ground splitting apart - reminding us of both its destructive force and scientific significance. Such events are captured by seismologists who tirelessly analyze data from around the globe to better comprehend these natural phenomena. A diagram showcasing different types of tectonic plate boundaries further deepens our understanding. From convergent boundaries where plates collide fiercely to divergent boundaries where new crust is born amidst volcanic activity – each interaction shapes landscapes over millions of years. Transporting us back in time, an artwork depicting Early Earth globe offers a glimpse into our planet's ancient past when continents were still forming and life was taking its first steps towards complexity. Seismology allows us to piece together this intricate puzzle of Earth's history.