Pedanius Dioscorides Collection
Pedanius Dioscorides, a renowned Greek physician and botanist of the 1st century AD, is celebrated for his influential work De Materia Medica
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Pedanius Dioscorides, a renowned Greek physician and botanist of the 1st century AD, is celebrated for his influential work De Materia Medica. This ancient text, filled with intricate illustrations, provides valuable insights into the world of medicinal plants and their uses. One such illustration depicts an ass (Equus hemionus) on top and a horse (Equus caballus) at the bottom. Created by Mirza Baqir in a 19th-century Iranian book, this artwork showcases Dioscorides' meticulous observations of different animal species. In another captivating image from an Arabic manuscript of De Materica (Ms. Ahmed III. 2127 f. 1v), we see various creatures identified as a hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), sea sheep, and three varieties of sea dog. The artist's attention to detail brings these animals to life within the pages of Dioscorides' work. Moving on to plants, one unidentified specimen stands atop the page while below it lies a balsam tree known as Commiphora. Illustrated by Mirza Baqir once again, this depiction captures Dioscorides' exploration of botanical wonders. Two varieties of Sweet flag (Acorus calamus) are beautifully portrayed in yet another illustration from De Materia Medica. These vibrant images showcase Dioscorides' dedication to documenting nature's diverse offerings. The book also features three types of Gladdon (Iris foetidissima). With delicate strokes and vivid colors, Mirza Baqir skillfully brings these flowers to life alongside Dioscorides' descriptions. Nardostachys jatamansi or Nard is depicted in stunning detail through two artworks within the book. These illustrations highlight both its beauty and significance in ancient medicine practices. Additionally, two varieties of tamarisk tree (Tamarix gallica) grace the pages with their elegance.