Mesoamerica Collection

OLYMPIC GAMES, 1968. American runners Tommie Smith (center) and John Carlos (right) showing the Black Power salute during the medal ceremonies at the Olympic Games in Mexico City

RIVERA: DAY OF THE DEAD. Feast of the Day of the Dead. Mural by Diego Rivera at the Ministry of Public Education, Mexico City

RIVERA: PRE-COLUMBIAN LIFE. The Zapotec Civilization. Mural, c1925, by Diego Rivera at the Ministry of Public Education, Mexico City

MEXICO: 1810 REVOLUTION. The Cry of Dolores, Miguel Hidalgos call to revolt, 16 September 1810. Detail of the mural by Juan O Gorman, 20th century

TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY) at the time of the Spanish Conquest: colored woodcut, 1556

RIVERA: SCHOOLTEACHER. The Rural School Teacher. Mural by Diego Rivera (1886-1957) at the Ministry of Public Education, Mexico City

Two women at work in a Mexican kitchen. Painting by an unknown artist, c1850
MEXICO: KITCHEN, c1850. Two women at work in a Mexican kitchen. Painting by an unknown artist, c1850

TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY). Mexico City at the time of the Spanish Conquest: colored woodcut from the Latin edition of Cortes Second Letter, Nuremberg, 1524

FRANCISCO PANCHO VILLA (1877-1923). Mexican revolutionary leader. Photographed wearing bandoliers with his military staff during the Mexican Revolution, c1913

MEXICO: INDIANS, c1500. P urhepecha (Tarascan) Indians of Michoacan Province, Mexico, flee their village shortly before the arrival of Spanish conquistadors

TEXAS FLAG, 1842. Texas flag seized from Texan prisoners during a Mexican raid on San Antonio and a subsequent battle at Mier, Mexico, 1842

TIKAL: MAYAN INSCRIPTION. Canoe scene inscribed on an animal bone in the burial chamber of a Mayan king at Tikal, Guatemala, c731 A.D

TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY). Great Tenochtitlan / The Market: detail from Diego Riveras mural of market day in the Aztec
TENOCHTITLAN (MEXICO CITY). Great Tenochtitlan/The Market: detail from Diego Riveras mural of market day in the Aztec capital. The Great Temple is seen in background

Moctezuma II, Hernan Cortes, Pedro de Alvarado, Gonzalo de
Conquerors and conquered. Moctezuma II (1467-1520), Hernan Cortes (1485-1547), Pedro de Alvarado (1485-1541), Gonzalo de Sandoval (1497-1527) and Cristobal de Olid (1488-1524). Colored engraving

OROZCO: BENITO JUAREZ, 1867. The return of Benito Juarez (1806-1872) to Mexico City, 15 July 1867. Detail of a mural, 1972, by Antonio Gonzalez Orozco

MEXICO: AZTEC SACRIFICE. Aztecs offering human sacrifices to the sun-god. Aztecs performing ritual sacrifice on a stone inscribed with the Aztec account of their history. Drawing, late 19th century

MEXICO: OLMEC HEAD. Olmec colossal head number 2, at Parque La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico, 800-200 B. C
MEXICO: OLMEC HEAD. Olmec colossal head number 2, at Parque La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico, 800-200 B.C

ADOLFO BEST-MAUGARD (1891-1965). Mexican artist. Oil on canvas by Diego Rivera, 1913

RIVERA: RAIN. Mural by Diego Rivera at the Ministry of Public Education, Mexico City

RIVERA: CUERNAVACA. Diego Rivera: The Taking of Cuernavaca. Detail of fresco in Cortez-Palace, Cuernevaca, Mexico

MAP: UNITED STATES, 1849. A General Map of the United States with the contiguous British & Mexican Possessions: engraved map published, 1849, by Samuel A. Mitchell at Philadelphia

AZTEC ROCK CRYSTAL SKULL. Mexico, 15th century

Map of Nueva Espa񡠨1767) by Jos頁ntonio Alzate
Map of Nueva Espa񡠨 1767) by Jos頁 ntonio Alzate. Addressed to the Cardinal and General Inquisitor Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana. SPAIN. Madrid. Navy Museum

MEXICO: MIXTEC CODEX. Mixtecs coming to worship at a shrine and cross erecting by Spanish missionaries. Engraving after the Codex Porfirio Diaz, early 16th century

MAP: MEXICO. Color engraving, American, c1900

MEXICO: MONTERREY, c1846. Scene at Monterrey, Mexico. Line engraving, 19th century

FOUNDING OF ST. AUGUSTINE. The founding of St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565 by Pedro Menendez de Aviles (center). Wood engraving, American, 19th century

PEDRO de AMPUDIA (fl. 1840). Mexican general. Line engraving, 19th century

VELASCO: THE TRAIN, 1897. The Train, in the shadow of the volcano El Citlaltepetl, in southern Mexico. Oil on canvas by Jos© Mar├¡a Velasco, 1897

Mexico, Mexico City, Aztec, Templo Mayor, Great Temple, Wall of Skulls, Metropolitan Cathedral in Background, Centro Historico

Mayan priest smoking tobacco (litho)
8663550 Mayan priest smoking tobacco (litho) by German School, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Mayan priest smoking tobacco as part of areligious ceremony)

Portrait of Moctezuma II (Montezuma or Motecuzoma Xocoyotzin, v; 1480-1520) on his throne. Colour engraving
NWI4924186 Portrait of Moctezuma II (Montezuma or Motecuzoma Xocoyotzin, v; 1480-1520) on his throne. Colour engraving.; (add.info.: Portrait of Moctezuma II (Montezuma or Motecuzoma Xocoyotzin)

Portrait of Montezuma II (Moctezumaii, 1466-1520), Aztec Emperor of Mexico, in gold crown and gorgette
FLO4605373 Portrait of Montezuma II (Moctezumaii, 1466-1520), Aztec Emperor of Mexico, in gold crown and gorgette, and of David Cusick (c.1780-c.1831), a Tuscarora Baptist preacher and author

Precolumbian Period
3499673 Precolumbian Period; (add.info.: Precolumbian Period. Aztec. Huehuetl. Representacion made in stone of an Aztec drum. From Mexico DF. Anthropology Museum of Mexico.); PHAS/UIG.

Pottery vessel representing the Storm God of the Aztecs
3330167 Pottery vessel representing the Storm God of the Aztecs; (add.info.: Pottery vessel representing the Storm God of the Aztecs, known as Tlaloc)

The Dresden Codex, also known as the Codex Dresdensis
2910724 The Dresden Codex, also known as the Codex Dresdensis; (add.info.: Mayan manuscript (known as the Dresden Codex). gods and demons are shown

The Immigration of the Maya (litho)
8661417 The Immigration of the Maya (litho) by Valda, John Harris (1874-1942); Private Collection; (add.info.: The Immigration of the Maya)

The Madrid Codex or "Tro-Cortesianus Codex", treatises of horoscopes and astrological tables
AIS5378108 The Madrid Codex or "Tro-Cortesianus Codex", treatises of horoscopes and astrological tables, brought to Spain by Hernan Cortes (1485-1547)

The meeting between Hernan (or Hernando) Cortes or Fernand Cortez (1485-1547) and Montezuma (or Moctezuma)
XEE5027231 The meeting between Hernan (or Hernando) Cortes or Fernand Cortez (1485-1547) and Montezuma (or Moctezuma: 1466 - 1520)

Arabic, Chinese, Aztec, cotton clothes are East Asians, Americans and North Affricans
6202819 Arabic, Chinese, Aztec, cotton clothes are East Asians, Americans and North Affricans; (add.info.: "Arabic, Chinese, Aztec, cotton clothed are East Asians)

Yaqui Indians, descendants of the Aztecs (b/w photo)
8652979 Yaqui Indians, descendants of the Aztecs (b/w photo) by American Photographer, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Yaqui Indians, descendants of the Aztecs)

A collection of Aztec tribute goods
3329860 A collection of Aztec tribute goods; (add.info.: Illustration depicting a collection of Aztec tribute goods. Dated 14th Century.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

Mexicans celebrating the beginning of a new age, 1778
3478857 Mexicans celebrating the beginning of a new age, 1778; (add.info.: Mexicans celebrating the beginning of a new age. From John Hamilton Moore)

Maya priest and worshipper, from a sculpture in the British Museum (litho)
8673386 Maya priest and worshipper, from a sculpture in the British Museum (litho) by English School, (20th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Maya priest and worshipper)

Tripod cylinder, carved: Enthroned Lord with glyphic text, 650-900 AD (ceramic)
1068260 Tripod cylinder, carved: Enthroned Lord with glyphic text, 650-900 AD (ceramic) by Mayan; 28.1x20.17 cm; Dallas Museum of Art, Texas, USA; (add.info.: Mayan civilization); gift of Mr

Yaxchilan lintel of Ritual scene with a plaque of a jaguar governor carrying the feathers of Quetzal
AIS5378762 Yaxchilan lintel of Ritual scene with a plaque of a jaguar governor carrying the feathers of Quetzal, Late Classic or III period, 200-900 AD (limestone bas-relief); Museo Arqueologico

Portrait of Emperor Aztec Moctezuma II (Montezuma or Motecuzoma Xocoyotzin, v.1480-1520). 19th century colour engraving
NWI4924092 Portrait of Emperor Aztec Moctezuma II (Montezuma or Motecuzoma Xocoyotzin, v.1480-1520). 19th century colour engraving.; (add.info)

Borbonic Codex or Borgia Codex
3499697 Borbonic Codex or Borgia Codex; (add.info.: Borbonic Codex or Borgia Codex. Precolumbian Period. Aztecs. Deity Quetzalcoatl. Feathered serpent)

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Mesoamerica: A Tapestry of History and Resilience From the ancient civilizations that thrived in Mesoamerica to the modern-day struggles for justice, this region has witnessed remarkable events that have shaped its vibrant tapestry. In 1968, during the Olympic Games held in Mexico City, American runners Tommie Smith and John Carlos boldly raised their fists in a Black Power salute during the medal ceremonies. Their powerful gesture resonated worldwide, while Australian Peter Norman stood beside them wearing an OPHR badge, displaying solidarity against racial inequality. Diego Rivera's murals at the Ministry of Public Education capture both the solemnity and celebration of Mesoamerican culture. His mural depicting "Day of the Dead" showcases a rich tradition where life and death intertwine harmoniously. Another masterpiece portrays pre-Columbian life, specifically highlighting Zapotec civilization's contributions to Mexican heritage. The colored woodcut from 1556 offers a glimpse into Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City) at the time of Spanish conquest—a city brimming with architectural marvels and cultural richness that would forever be altered by European colonization. The cry for revolution echoed through Miguel Hidalgo's call to revolt on September 16th, 1810—the spark igniting Mexico's fight for independence. Juan O Gorman immortalized this historic moment in his mural capturing Hidalgo's impassioned plea. Mexican kitchens have long been hubs of culinary artistry and cultural preservation. An unknown artist beautifully depicts two women diligently working amidst pots and pans—an ode to their invaluable role in sustaining traditions. Rivera also pays tribute to educators with his portrayal of "The Rural School Teacher. " This mural symbolizes education as a catalyst for progress—empowering generations with knowledge and shaping brighter futures. Francisco Pancho Villa emerges as an indomitable figure within Mexican history—a revolutionary leader who fought tirelessly alongside his military staff during the Mexican Revolution.