Measuring Device Collection

Household thermometer, with both Celsius and Fahrenheit scales. The reading of 21 degrees Celsius (70 degrees Fahrenheit) is normal room temperature

American Revolution, American gunners calipers
3501348 American Revolution, American gunners calipers; Private Collection; (add.info.: American gunner's brass calipers); © Don Troiani. All Rights Reserved 2022.

Illustration from Johannis Hevelii Machinae coelestis pars prior
XJF406270 Illustration from Johannis Hevelii Machinae coelestis pars prior, engraved by Isaak Saal (engraving) by Stech, Andrzej (1635-97) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

Two types of adjustable-opening compass, fol. 108v from Paris Manuscript H
XJF308765 Two types of adjustable-opening compass, fol. 108v from Paris Manuscript H, 1493-4 (pen & ink on paper) by Vinci, Leonardo da (1452-1519); Bibliotheque de l Institut de France, Paris

Evangelista Torricelli (1608-47), inventor of the thermometer barometer (colour litho)
PER287364 Evangelista Torricelli (1608-47), inventor of the thermometer barometer (colour litho) by French School; Private Collection; (add.info)

Piezoelectric quartz apparatus, designed by Pierre (1859-1906) and Jacques Curie, 1897
CHT236035 Piezoelectric quartz apparatus, designed by Pierre (1859-1906) and Jacques Curie, 1897 by French School, (19th century); Institut de Radium, Paris

Thermometer surmounted with a phrygian bonnet (enamel)
XIR216686 Thermometer surmounted with a phrygian bonnet (enamel) by French School, (18th century); Musee de la Ville de Paris, Musee Carnavalet, Paris

Cabinet of physics, 1687 (pen & ink on paper) (b / w photo)
XIR242767 Cabinet of physics, 1687 (pen & ink on paper) (b/w photo) by Le Clerc, Sebastien I (1637-1714); Ecole Nationale Superieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris, France; French, out of copyright

Apparatus used by Jean Frederic (1900-58) and Irene Joliot-Curie (1897-1956
CHT236041 Apparatus used by Jean Frederic (1900-58) and Irene Joliot-Curie (1897-1956) to discover artificial radioactivity, c.1934 by French School, (20th century); Institut de Radium, Paris

Instrument of Mathematical Precision for Designing Objects in Perspective
XJF173283 Instrument of Mathematical Precision for Designing Objects in Perspective, 1530 (engraving) by Durer or Duerer, Albrecht (1471-1528) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

Skull in a facial goniometer constructed by Paul Broca (1824-88) (wood & copper)
CHT236799 Skull in a facial goniometer constructed by Paul Broca (1824-88) (wood & copper) by French School, (19th century); Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris

A draughtsman taking details for a portrait, using a perspective apparatus for drawing
STC310983 A draughtsman taking details for a portrait, using a perspective apparatus for drawing onto glass, from Course in the Art of Drawing by Albrecht Durer

Artist painting a portrait over a grid for accurate proportion
STC237097 Artist painting a portrait over a grid for accurate proportion, printed Paris 1737 (engraving) by Bosse, Abraham (1602-76) (after); Private Collection; The Stapleton Collection; French

Artist using Durers drawing machine to paint a figure
STC237095 Artist using Durers drawing machine to paint a figure, from Course in the Art of Drawing by Albrecht Durer, published Nuremberg 1525 (engraving) (see also 310983) by DAorer or Duerer

Nilometer in Egypt, 17th-century artwork C016 / 8926
Nilometer in Egypt. 17th-century artwork titled Nilometrium, showing a nilometer as used in Ancient Egypt. The central column is labelled in cubits to show the height of the water during the annual

A draughtsman taking details for a portrait, using a perspective apparatus for drawing onto glass
XJF440654 A draughtsman taking details for a portrait, using a perspective apparatus for drawing onto glass, from Course in the Art of Drawing by Albrecht Durer

Thin-film thermocouples C016 / 6482
Thin-film thermocouples. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Thin-film thermocouple C016 / 6484
Thin-film thermocouple, close-up. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Thin-film thermocouple C016 / 6486
Thin-film thermocouple, close-up. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Thin-film thermocouple C016 / 6483
Thin-film thermocouple. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Thin-film thermocouple C016 / 6485
Thin-film thermocouple, close-up. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Thin-film thermocouples C016 / 6481
Thin-film thermocouples. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Thin-film thermocouples C016 / 6480
Thin-film thermocouples. Thermocouples, used for temperature measurements, are based on the thermoelectric effect between two metals

Chebarkul meteorite site radiation levels C015 / 1553
Chebarkul meteorite site radiation levels. Russian Civil Defence Ministry regional employee measuring normal radiation levels near the site of a meteorite fall on Lake Chebarkul

Paris Observatory meridian circle, Paris, France. This instrument, also called a transit circle, is used to observe the moment a star or other celestial object passes the meridian

Seismic measuring device, Nisyros volcano
Seismic measuring device in the crater of the Nisyros volcano. It is covered in sulphur deposits. Photographed on the Greek island of Nisyros

Molten steel temperature measurements. Quick immersion thermocouple being used to measure the temperature of liquid steel in an electric-arc furnace

Using vernier calipers
Using Vernier calipers. This measuring device is being used to measure the diameter of a metal ball bearing. The external jaws are being used

Vernier calipers. These are calipers (a type of measuring device) that have a Vernier scale to allow accurate measurements

Water depth marker. Marker indicating the depth of a body of water

17th Century scientific equipment. Historical artwork showing a collection of thermometers and a hygrometer (far right) from 17th Century Florence, Italy

Spirit level C009 / 7239
Spirit level. This device is used to measure how level a surface is. It consists of a tube filled with a coloured fluid (here yellow) and a single air bubble

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"Exploring the World of Measuring Devices: From Household Thermometers to Mathematical Precision" Step into the fascinating world of measuring devices, where precision and accuracy reign supreme. Starting with a household thermometer, these humble instruments have been an integral part of our daily lives, helping us gauge temperature variations and ensure comfort. Delving deeper into history, we encounter illustrations from "Science and Literature in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. " Here, Instruments of Mathematical Precision for Executing Portraits showcase the meticulousness required to capture every detail with utmost accuracy. Moving on to celestial wonders, Johannis Hevelii's Machinae coelestis pars prior presents intricate illustrations that reveal how astronomers measured and mapped out the heavens. These adjustable-opening compasses played a crucial role in their calculations. Evangelista Torricelli takes center stage as he invents both the thermometer barometer. His groundbreaking work revolutionized meteorology by allowing scientists to measure atmospheric pressure accurately. A color lithograph immortalizes this brilliant inventor's contributions. Pierre and Jacques Curie grace our journey with their piezoelectric quartz apparatus—a marvel designed in 1897. This invention paved the way for countless technological advancements by harnessing electricity generated through mechanical stress on quartz crystals. A thermometrical masterpiece catches our eye—an enamel-surmounted phrygian bonnet adorning a thermometer. This elegant design showcases not only functionality but also aesthetic appeal in scientific instruments. Stepping back in time to 1687, we discover a Cabinet of Physics rendered meticulously on paper—each instrument carefully depicted using pen & ink. This visual treasure trove provides insight into past scientific practices. Jean Frederic and Irene Joliot-Curie present their apparatus—an embodiment of mathematical precision used for designing objects in perspective. Their innovative creation merges artistry with science seamlessly. Paul Broca's skull facial goniometer captivates us next—a wooden-copper construction that aids in measuring facial angles.