Hydrodynamics Collection

Alexander Friedman, Soviet cosmologist
Alexander Alexandrovich Friedman (1888-1925), Russian and Soviet cosmologist and mathematician. Friedman, who lived and worked in Leningrad, is considered the founder of modern cosmology

Ship testing tank, being filled with water from a hose pipe (bottom). This tank was used to test models of ships being developed by engineers

Magia Naturalis, 1715 (engraving)
1574796 Magia Naturalis, 1715 (engraving); (add.info.: A fountain and an organ working with the power of water. Engraving from 'Magia Naturalis' by Johannes Baptista della Porta)

Various representations of hydrodynamics, Wurtemberg, c1850. 2) Fountain: 3) Persian wheel or Noria: 4) Archimedes Screw: 5) Chain pump: 6&7) Suction and force pumps: 8) Fire engine: 10, 11

Codex Leicester, or Codex Hammer (1508-1510). Drawing of an old man sitting on a rock and some sketches on water movement. Renaissance art. Drawing

Geysers of Enceladus showing cryovolcanism near the South Pole of Enceladus
Artists concept of the geysers of Enceladus, showing the cryovolcanism near the South Pole of Enceladus, the 6th largest moon of Saturn

A diagram explaining how the fountains of Enceladus work

Eruption of an ice volcano on the surface of Neptunes moon Triton
There is evidence that the south pole of Neptunes satellite Triton is host to dozens of ice volcanoes, or geysers. One such eruption was observed to shoot a towering jet of material to a height of

The Ice Fountains of Enceladus
Giant geysers of water ice crystal shooting hundreds of miles into space from Saturns moon Enceladus, also known as the Fountains of Enceladus

Plumes of ice crystals rise from geysers into the sunlight as dawn breaks on Enceladus, one of Saturns many moons

Illustration of a geyser erupting on the surface of Enceladus. Liquid water reaches the surface of Enceladus south pole and drives a massive plume of ice crystals into the sky

Explorers examine one of the great fissures from which Enceladus geysers erupt

Hydrodynamics: 2) Fountain: 3) Persian wheel or Noria: 4) Archimedes Screw: 5) Chain pump: 6&7) Suction and force pumps: 8) Fire engine: 10, 11, 12) Undershot

Shark skin C014 / 0323
Shark skin. Close-up of the skin of a shark, showing the numerous sharply pointed placoid scales, also known as dermal teeth or denticles, which give the fishs skin the feel of sandpaper

Nikolai Kovalev, Soviet engineer C016 / 2725
Nikolai Nilolayevich Kovalev (b.1908) Russian-Soviet engineer. Kovalev was born at Poltava and studied at the Leningrad Engineering Institute

BERNOUILLI, Daniel (1700-1782). Swiss mathematician and physicist. Litography

HD2 Hovercraft, 1967
Hovercraft. HD2 was an experimental unit that was used in hydrodynamic studies. National Physical Laboratory (NPL) researchers were able to use this hovercraft to demonstrate how air cushioning could

John Scott Russell, Scottish engineer
John Scott Russell (1808-1882), Scottish engineer. During experiments into the feasibility of steam-powered canal boats Russell observed a prow wave that that, when the boat stopped

Pelageya Kochina, Russian mathematician
Pelageya Yakovlevna Polubarinova-Kochina (1899- 1999), Russian mathematician and scientist. Polubarinova-Kochina worked on the mathematics of hydrodynamics (fluid mechanics)

Vladimir Petlyakov, aircraft designer
Vladimir Mikhailovich Petlyakov (1891-1942), Soviet aircraft designer. Petlyakov studied under Nikolai Zhukovsky, the founder of modern aerodynamics and hydrodynamics

Mikhail Lavrentyev, Soviet mathematician
Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentyev (1900-1980), Soviet mathematician and hydrodynamicist, giving a lecture. Lavrentyevs work included studies of the physics of explosions

Ships propeller. The propeller of a large merchant vessel, seen while the ship was in dry dock. Photographed at the Nerpa Shipyard near Murmansk, Russia

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Hydrodynamics, a fascinating field of study that delves into the intricate workings of fluid motion, has captivated the minds of scientists and thinkers throughout history. From Alexander Friedman, the Soviet cosmologist who made significant contributions to our understanding of the universe, to Benito Bails, the Spanish architect whose work in mathematics left an indelible mark on hydrodynamics. One cannot discuss hydrodynamics without mentioning its practical applications. Ship testing tanks have long been used as experimental platforms for studying fluid behavior under varying conditions. These controlled environments allow researchers to observe and analyze how water interacts with different structures and shapes. The foundations can be traced back centuries ago when Benito Bails penned his renowned book "Elementos de Matematica. " Within its pages lie valuable insights into mathematical principles that govern fluid dynamics. This influential work served as a cornerstone for future developments in this field. Throughout history, various representations have emerged depicting the complexities of hydrodynamics. One such example is found in Wurtemberg's collection from around 1850. These visual depictions offer glimpses into how scientists conceptualized fluid flow during that era. Even Leonardo da Vinci explored hydrodynamic concepts in his Codex Leicester or Codex Hammer drawings dating back to 1508-1510. His meticulous observations and sketches shed light on fundamental aspects of fluid mechanics that continue to shape our understanding today. Beyond Earth's boundaries lies another captivating display of hydrodynamic phenomena - Enceladus' geysers showcasing cryovolcanism near its South Pole. The erupting fountains serve as a mesmerizing reminder that even celestial bodies exhibit dynamic behaviors governed by principles akin to those studied here on Earth. Intriguing diagrams explaining how these fountains operate further enhance our comprehension of Enceladus' unique geological features. By unraveling their inner workings, scientists gain invaluable insights not only about this distant moon but also about the broader field of hydrodynamics.