Humanist Collection

MONTAIGNE, Michel de (1533-1592). French writer, humanist and philosopher. French anonymous. Oil on canvas

Richard Dawkins, British science writer
Richard Dawkins. Caricature of the British ethnologist, evolutionary biologist and controversial author Richard Dawkins (born 1941) holding one of his books

Hugo Grotius, Dutch jurist
Hugo Grotius (1583-1645), Dutch jurist and founder of international law. Grotius was born at Delft and at just 11 years of age went to university at Leiden. He became an advocate in 1599

Hugo De Groot / Larmessin
HUGO DE GROOT alias HUGO GROTIUS Dutch scholar, humanist and politician

Utopiae Insulae Figura (Map of the New Island of Utopia
5615728 Utopiae Insulae Figura (Map of the New Island of Utopia) from the 1516 first edition of Utopia by Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)

Medici, Lorenzo the Magnificient (1449-1492). Italian patrician and humanist, ruler of Florence from 1469 to 1492. Lorenzo de Medici receiving gifts from his ambassadors. VASARI, Giorgio (1511-1574)

Medical prescription, satirical artwork
Medical prescription. Satirical artwork titled Of Prescribing Foolishly, showing a patient in bed with a doctor in a fools hat (right) holding aloft a proposed treatment

Sir Thomas More, 1527, (1902). Artist: Hans Holbein the Younger
Sir Thomas More, 1527, (1902). Portrait of More (1478-1535) as Henry VIIIs Lord Chancellor. More refused to subscribe to the Act of Supremacy which made Henry the head of the English Church

Lorenzo Valla
LORENZO VALLA Italian humanist

Woodcut from 1518 third edition of Utopia by Sir Thomas More (1478-1535
5615729 Woodcut from 1518 third edition of Utopia by Sir Thomas More (1478-1535) published in Basel showing the author conversing with the protagonist Raphael Hythloday about the ideal society he

Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch Catholic reformer and humanist (engraving)
3646446 Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch Catholic reformer and humanist (engraving) by German School, (19th century); Private Collection; (add.info.: Erasmus of Rotterdam (1466-1536)

Leonardo Bruni
LEONARDO BRUNI known as ARETINUS Italian humanist philologist and historian. Date: 1369 - 1444

Bessarion - 2
JOHANNES BASILIUS BESSARION Latin patriarch of Constantinople. Byzantine theologian and Humanist

Erasmus / Scriven / Penn
DESIDERIUS ERASMUS Dutch humanist

Women called Dorothea who gave birth to twenty children, 15th century (engraving)
5311586 Women called Dorothea who gave birth to twenty children, 15th century (engraving); (add.info.: From 'Prodigiorum ac ostentorum chronicon' by Conrad Lycosthenes (Conrad Wolffhart)

Juan Luis Vives
3329948 Juan Luis Vives; (add.info.: Engraving of Juan Luis Vives (1493-1540) a Valencian scholar and humanist. Dated 16th Century.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

Herman Boerhaave
2603652 Herman Boerhaave; (add.info.: Herman Boerhaave (1668 - 1738) Dutch physician, humanist, botanist and chemist, born near Leiden. Founder of the clinical teaching of medicine

George Buchanan
2603627 George Buchanan; (add.info.: George Buchanan (1506 - 1582) Scottish humanist, historian and scholar. Tutor to Mary Queen of Scots (1562) and in 1567 to her son James VI

Selection of medals, Erasmus Desiderius of Rotterdam, 1703 (engraving)
954794 Selection of medals, Erasmus Desiderius of Rotterdam, 1703 (engraving); Private Collection.

A blood-letting man
3740680 A blood-letting man; (add.info.: Illustration depicting a blood-letting man, showing the points of the blood-letting connected with the signs of the Zodiac by Gregor Reisch)

Antonio Agustin y Albanell, aka Augustinus, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub
3473242 Antonio Agustin y Albanell, aka Augustinus, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub

Woodcut illustration from a 15th century edition of 'Das Narrenschiff' (The Ship of Fools)
5306425 Woodcut illustration from a 15th century edition of 'Das Narrenschiff' (The Ship of Fools).; Universal History Archive/UIG.

Woodcut showing a medieval or renaissance birth of conjoined (Siamese) twins, 15th century (engraving)
5311585 Woodcut showing a medieval or renaissance birth of conjoined (Siamese) twins, 15th century (engraving); (add.info)

Illustration depicting a Renaissance anatomical drawing (16th century; German)
5311488 Illustration depicting a Renaissance anatomical drawing (16th century; German. From Margarita Philosophica; 1503 by Reisch. Shows the ventricles and their relationship to the intellect)

An aurora seen during the 7th Century from the Nuremburg Chronicle
3740711 An aurora seen during the 7th Century from the Nuremburg Chronicle; (add.info.: Engraving depicting an aurora during the 7th Century from the from the Nuremburg Chronicle by Hartmann Schedel)

The fifth day of creation from the Nuremburg Chronicle
3740692 The fifth day of creation from the Nuremburg Chronicle; (add.info.: Engraving depicting the fifth day of creation - God creating the birds)

Man the microcosm, and the universe the macrocosm
3740682 Man the microcosm, and the universe the macrocosm; (add.info.: Man the microcosm, and the universe the macrocosm by Gregor Reisch (1467-1525) a German Carthusian humanist writer

Illustration depicting a scene from the final tale in The Decameron written by Giovanni Boccaccio
3077645 Illustration depicting a scene from the final tale in The Decameron written by Giovanni Boccaccio; (add.info.: Illustration depicting a scene from the final tale in The Decameron written by)

Otto van Veen, Dutch painter
5893337 Otto van Veen, Dutch painter.; (add.info.: Portrait of Otto van Veen, Dutch painter, draughtsman, and humanist 1556-1629. Otto-Voenius)

Walt Whitman
3078232 Walt Whitman; (add.info.: Portrait of Walt Whitman (1819-1892) an American poet, essayist and journalist. Dated 19th Century.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

Francisco Sanchez de las Brozas, aka El Brocense, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid
3473262 Francisco Sanchez de las Brozas, aka El Brocense, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub

A blood-letting man
3732376 A blood-letting man; (add.info.: Illustration depicting a blood-letting man, showing the points of the blood-letting connected with the signs of the Zodiac by Gregor Reisch)

Hadriaan Beverland
6266284 Hadriaan Beverland; (add.info.: Hadriaan Beverland, 1650-1716. Also known as Adrian Beverland. Dutch humanist scholar.); Photo © Ken Welsh. All rights reserved 2024.

Birth of two stillborn babies, 15th century (engraving)
5311584 Birth of two stillborn babies, 15th century (engraving); (add.info.: The explosion is supposed to be uterine gasses)

Francesco Petrarca
5672083 Francesco Petrarca; (add.info.: 14th century Illustration showing Francesco Petrarca (1304-1374), commonly anglicised as Petrarch

The sixth day of creation from the Nuremburg Chronicle
3732381 The sixth day of creation from the Nuremburg Chronicle; (add.info.: Engraving depicting the sixth day of creation - God creating Adam- from the Nuremburg Chronicle by Hartmann Schedel)

Andres Laguna de Segovia, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub. 1791
3473241 Andres Laguna de Segovia, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub. 1791; (add.info.: Andres Laguna de Segovia, 1499-1559)

Geronimo Gomez de la Huerta aka Jeronimo Gomez de la Huerta, Hyeronimo de Guerta or Jeronimo de Huerta
3473265 Geronimo Gomez de la Huerta aka Jeronimo Gomez de la Huerta, Hyeronimo de Guerta or Jeronimo de Huerta, after an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub

Hernan Nunez de Toledo y Guzman, aka el Comendador Griego, el Pinciano or Fredenandus Nunius Pincianus
3473258 Hernan Nunez de Toledo y Guzman, aka el Comendador Griego, el Pinciano or Fredenandus Nunius Pincianus, After an etching in Retratos de Los Espanoles Ilustres, Madrid, Spain, pub

A fire seen in the night sky over Italy during the 6th Century from the Nuremburg Chronicle
3740713 A fire seen in the night sky over Italy during the 6th Century from the Nuremburg Chronicle; (add.info.: Engraving depicting a fire seen in the night sky over Italy during the 6th Century)

The creation of Adam and Eve from the Nuremburg Chronicle
3740696 The creation of Adam and Eve from the Nuremburg Chronicle; (add.info.: Engraving depicting the creation of Adam and Eve from the Nuremburg Chronicle by Hartmann Schedel (1440-1514)

Arcadia
5304761 Arcadia.; (add.info.: Page from "Arcadia" by Jacopo Sannazaro (1458-1530) an Italian poet, humanist and epigrammist from Naples. Dated 16th Century.); Universal History Archive/UIG.

The Lawyer, possibly Ulrich Zasius, 1461-1536, humanist, jurist, 1566. Creator: Giuseppe Arcimboldi
The Lawyer, possibly Ulrich Zasius, 1461-1536, humanist, jurist, 1566

Jason Pratensis (1486-1558), physician in Zierikzee, c.1732-c.1771. Creator: Jan Maurits Quinkhard
Jason Pratensis (1486-1558), physician in Zierikzee, c.1732-c.1771. Portrait of Netherlandish humanist, physician and poet Iasonis Van Der Velde who Latinised his Dutch name by converting it into

Hugo de Groot when young, 1710-1719. Creator: Arnoud van Halen
Hugo de Groot when young, 1710-1719. Portrait of Hugo Grotius, Dutch humanist, diplomat, lawyer, theologian, jurist, statesman, poet, playwright and teenage prodigy (1583-1645)

Portrait of the Physician Herman Boerhaave, Professor at the University of Leiden, 1735. Creator: Cornelis Troost
Portrait of the Physician Herman Boerhaave, Professor at the University of Leiden, 1735

Erasmus Desiderius Rotterdam, ca. 1467-1536, c15th century. Creator: Anon
Erasmus Desiderius Rotterdam, ca. 1467-1536, c15th century

Portrait of Jan Amos Comenius, 1650-1670. Creator: Jurgen Ovens
Portrait of Jan Amos Comenius, 1650-1670. Other Title(s): Portrait of Jan Amos Comenius (Komensky) (1592-1670). Czech humanist and pedagogue

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"Exploring the Humanist Legacy: From Montaigne to Dawkins" Humanism, a philosophical and intellectual movement that emerged during the Renaissance, has left an indelible mark on our understanding of humanity. This caption delves into some key figures and artworks associated with humanism. Montaigne, a French philosopher of the 16th century, is considered one of the pioneers thought. His essays explored various aspects of human nature and encouraged self-reflection. Richard Dawkins, a British science writer known for his advocacy of atheism and evolutionary biology, embodies modern-day humanism by promoting reason and scientific inquiry as guiding principles in understanding our existence. Hugo Grotius, a Dutch jurist from the 17th century, contributed significantly to international law. His works emphasized natural law principles rooted in respect for individual rights and peaceful coexistence among nations. Lorenzo de' Medici (the Magnificent), an influential Italian patron of arts during the Renaissance period, supported numerous artists who embraced humanistic ideals. His support fostered cultural growth throughout Italy. Satirical artwork like medical prescriptions often served as social commentary during this era. These pieces mocked societal norms or criticized political figures through clever symbolism. Sir Thomas More's Utopia provided a critical examination of society's flaws while envisioning an ideal world based on equality and justice. The woodcut from its third edition captures More's vision visually. Lorenzo Valla was an Italian scholar whose textual criticism challenged established dogmas by questioning religious texts' authenticity. He played a pivotal role in shaping early humanistic scholarship. Erasmus of Rotterdam was another prominent figure within European humanism who sought reform within Catholicism through education and biblical scholarship. His engraving portrays his dedication to intellectual pursuits amidst religious turmoil. Leonardo Bruni contributed greatly to reviving interest in classical Greek literature during the Renaissance period through his translations and writings on history and politics.