Heretical Collection

Baruch Spinoza, caricature
Baruch Spinoza. Caricature of the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677). Spinoza is considered to be one of Western philosophys most important philosophers

Sawtre, Lollard, Burns
William Sawtre, priest of St Osyths church, London, is burnt for following the heretical views of Wyclif : he is considered to be the first Lollard martyr

Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer C017 / 7118
Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer

BURNING HERETICS BOOKS
When church reformers Martin Bucer and Phagius are put to death, their heretical books are burnt along with their bodies. Date: 1551

Religion Overthrowing Heresy and Hatred, c. 1697 (marble)
704374 Religion Overthrowing Heresy and Hatred, c.1697 (marble) by Le Gros, Pierre the Younger (1666-1719); Church of the Gesu, Rome

St Augustine in his Cell, c. 1480 (fresco)
BEN29143 St Augustine in his Cell, c.1480 (fresco) by Botticelli, Sandro (Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi) (1444/5-1510); Church of Ognissanti, Florence

Hus transcript of Wycliffes treatise, early 15th century, (1947). Creator: Unknown
Hus transcript of Wycliffes treatise, early 15th century, (1947). The English scholar and reformer John Wycliffe (1320s-1384)

Thomas Hobbes, caricature
Thomas Hobbes. Caricature of the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679). Hobbes led a sheltered and long life, mostly as secretary and teacher to the family of Lord Cavendish

Heresy Of The Flagellants. The Latin Inscription Reads, They Sacrifice To Satan And Not To God. After A 15Th Century Miniature

Jerome Of Prague, 1379 To 1416. Czech Theologian. Burnt At The Stake For Heresy. From Military And Religious Life In The Middle Ages By Paul Lacroix Published London Circa 1880

Charles Darwin, caricature
Charles Darwin (1809-1882). Caricature of the British naturalist Charles Darwin, pictured with an over-sized forehead and his eyes closed, as if deep in thought

France. Aude. Castle of Queribus. Gothic room. Dome. 15th century. Cathar route

Cornelis Jansen (Anon)
CORNELIS JANSEN (Jansenius) Flemish calvinist churchman, bishop of Ypres, founder of Jansenism which, though attracting Pascal et al, was condemned as heretical. Date: 1585 - 1635

Cornelis Jansen - 2
CORNELIS JANSEN (Jansenius)- Flemish calvinist churchman, bishop of Ypres, founder of Jansenism which, though attracting Pascal et al, was condemned as heretical. Date: 1585 - 1635

A Discovery of the Most Dangerous and Damnable Tenets that have been spread
XJF347916 A Discovery of the Most Dangerous and Damnable Tenets that have been spread within this few, published in 1647 (woodcut) by English School

The Siege of Carcasonne an episode in the Albigensian Crusade (1208-1213) led by Simon de Montfort and northern French barons against an heretical Christian sect, the Albigenses

Jan Huss (1369-1415) Heretical Bohemian theologian. Burnt at Constance for preaching the teachings of Wycliffe. Woodcut from Hartmann Schedel Liber chronicarum mundi (Nuremberg Chronicle)

Lawrence or Laurence Saunders d1555), English Protestant martyr, burned for heretical views on transubstantiation, Coventry 8 February 1555. His child brought to visit him in prison

JUNI, Juan de (1507-1577). Disputes between monks

Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), English philosopher. Hobbes led a sheltered and long life, mostly as secretary and teacher to the family of Lord Cavendish, Earl of Devonshire

Galileo, Italian astronomer
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Italian astronomer and physicist. In 1610, Galileo was the first person to use a telescope for astronomical studies

Galileo and Milton, historical artwork. This meeting, between the English poet John Milton (1608-1674, left) and the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei (1564-1642, right)

Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Italian astronomer and physicist. Galileo was the first to successfully use a telescope to observe the heavens, discovering new stars, mountains on the Moon

William Tyndale, English theologian
William Tyndale (c. 1492-1536). Statue of the English theologian and bible translator William Tyndale. Tyndales was the first English translation to draw directly from Hebrew and Greek texts

John Wyclif preaching
Expelled from the university, Wyclif went into the country and there wrote and taught. John Wyclif (c.1324-1384), English theologian and reformist

NESTORIUS Persian prelate, Patriarch of Constantinople, deposed for his heretical views about the nature of Jesus

Waldenses Flight - 1
Persecuted by Louis XIV and his Italian allies, the heretical sect of the Waldenses flee to Switzerland and Germany. They are attacked in the Balsille

Fausto Paolo Socinus
FAUSTO PAOLO SOCINUS (Sozzini) nephew of Lelio S. whose heretical anti- Trinitarian views he supported, for which he was harassed by the Inquisition

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"Unveiling the Heretical Minds: From Spinoza to Darwin" In a world dominated by religious dogma, there have always been those who dared to question, challenge, and explore beyond the boundaries of accepted beliefs. Baruch Spinoza, with his radical ideas on God and nature, stands as a beacon of heresy amidst the sea of conformity. Caricatures were often used as weapons against dissenters like Sawtre and Lollard, mocking their unorthodox views in an attempt to suppress their influence. Yet these visual satires only fueled the fire of rebellion within their hearts. Nicolaus Copernicus shattered conventional wisdom by placing the sun at the center of our universe. His revolutionary heliocentric model challenged centuries-old notions and paved the way for scientific progress. Charles Darwin's groundbreaking theory of evolution sent shockwaves through Victorian society. British naturalist dared to suggest that all life forms are interconnected through gradual changes over time - a notion that shook religious foundations but opened doors to new understandings. Galileo Galilei faced persecution from both church and state when he defended Copernican theories. Despite being forced into silence under threat of torture or death, his discoveries laid down undeniable evidence for Earth's motion around the sun. The burning books symbolize an era where heretics were silenced through destruction rather than reasoned debate – a dark chapter in human history filled with intolerance and fear. The martyrdoms at Smithfield serve as haunting reminders of how far societies can go in suppressing dissenting voices. These acts aimed not only at extinguishing lives but also erasing any trace of contrary thoughts from collective memory. Religion Overthrowing Heresy and Hatred depicts an eternal struggle between orthodoxy and free thought—a reminder that throughout history, religion has often sought to quell any challenges posed by heretics questioning its authority. St Augustine finds solace within his cell; isolated yet steadfast in his pursuit of truth.