French Gallery

Male groin arteries, 1825 artwork

Male groin arteries. Dissections of a male groin to show areas supplied by the internal iliac artery (red) and its branches. At top, the bladder (left) and rectum (right) hang from the abdominal cavity. At bottom (centred on the anus), the internal pudendal artery supplies the external genitalia. This anatomical artwork is plate 232 from volume 4 of Manuel d'anatomie descriptive du corps humain (1825). This 5-volume anatomy atlas was produced by French physician and surgeon Jules Germain Cloquet (1790-1883). The illustrations were by Haincelin. Volume 4 illustrated the anatomy of the circulatory and respiratory systems

© SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Healy - Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult N070523

APSLEY HOUSE, London. "Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult Duc de Dalmatie" 1840 by George Peter Alexander HEALY (1808-94). WM 1555-1948. Nicolas Soult (1769-1851) joined the French army before the Revolutionary Wars and fought with distinction through a series of campaigns. He was promoted Marshal by Napoleon in 1804 and took part in the Battles of Ulm, Austerlitz and Jena. Soult was a prominent commander in the Peninsular War between 1808 and 1812 and at the Battle of Toulouse. From 1814 his political allegiance followed the winds, serving Louis XVIII, Napoleon again (during the Hundred Days), Louis again (after a short exile), Louis Philippe and then the Republic. At the time of this portrait in 1840 he was Prime Minister of France

© Historic England

Channel tunnel

Channel tunnel. Historical artwork of a tunnel beneath the English Channel through which Napoleon's troops are moving to invade England. The possibility of a tunnel under the Channel was first put to Napoleon in 1802. This cartoon was drawn in 1804, after the resumption of war between England and France in 1803. The French are also attacking by sea and by hot air balloon (the Channel was first crossed by hot air balloon in 1785). The English defence includes ships and men flying from kites with rifles. A semaphore system is operating from telegraph towers on the French side. From La Telegraphie Historique by Alexis Belloc (1888)

© SHEILA TERRY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY