Enzymes Collection

Glutamine synthetase enzyme computer model. This is a ligase enzyme, which forms chemical bonds between molecules. The different colours show the different subunits that comprise the protein

Pancreatic acinar cell. Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through an enzyme-secreting acinar cell in the human pancreas, showing part of the nucleus (round, far left)

X-ray crystallography C016 / 3824
X-ray crystallography. Researcher using an X-ray machine to obtain crystal diffraction patterns of proteins for 3-D imaging of enzymes

Flap endonuclease protein F007 / 9914
Molecular model of the flap endonuclease protein. This is a class of nucleolytic enzymes that act as both 5 -3 exonucleases

Flap endonuclease protein F007 / 9916
Molecular model of the flap endonuclease protein. This is a class of nucleolytic enzymes that act as both exonucleases and structure-specific endonucleases on specialised DNA structures that occur

Pancreatic exocrine cells, TEM
Pancreatic exocrine cells. Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through exocrine cells in the pancreas, showing numerous zymogen granules (circles), rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Eosinophil white blood cell, TEM
Eosinophil white blood cell. Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through an eosinophil white blood cell (leukocyte)

Pancreatic acinar cell, TEM
Pancreatic acinar cell. Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through an enzyme-secreting acinar cell in the human pancreas, showing the nucleus (dark purple, centre)

Drug effect on viruses, conceptual image C016 / 6253
Drug effect on viruses, conceptual image. Computer artwork showing a single strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, spiral, centre), red blood cells (pink), virus particles (virions, green, small)

Islet of Langerhans, light micrograph C016 / 0514
Islet of Langerhans. Light micrograph of a section through an islet of Langerhans in a pancreas. Scattered throughout the pancreas, the islets are endocrine cells that secrete a range of hormones

Islet of Langerhans, light micrograph C016 / 0513
Islet of Langerhans. Light micrograph of a section through an islet of Langerhans in a pancreas. Scattered throughout the pancreas, the islets are endocrine cells that secrete a range of hormones

Stilbene synthase molecule C014 / 2292
Stilbene synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is produced by some plants (including grapes, peanuts and blueberries) in response to stress from either ultraviolet light or certain fungi

Stilbene synthase molecule C014 / 2291
Stilbene synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is produced by some plants (including grapes, peanuts and blueberries) in response to stress from either ultraviolet light or certain fungi

Saliva chemicals, molecular model
Saliva chemicals. Molecular structure of a group of saliva molecules. These include the antibody immunoglobulin A (blue, double-y shape, see C014/5652)

Biofuel production and use, diagram. At far left the first stage is the source material (biomass, plant or other organic material). This is added to a separation tank (centre left)

Alexander Fleming, caricature
Alexander Fleming (1881-1955). Caricature of the Scottish biologist and pharmacologist Alexander Fleming holding a Petri dish

Kidney tissue, fluorescence micrograph C016 / 8484
Kidney tissue. Fluorescence deconvolution micrograph of a section through a kidney, showing glomeruli (green), cell nuclei (blue dots), and renal tubules (red, circular)

X-ray crystallography C016 / 3823
X-ray crystallography. Researcher using an X-ray machine to obtain crystal diffraction patterns of proteins for 3-D imaging of enzymes

DNA and methyltransferase complex C014 / 0011
DNA and methyltransferase complex. Molecular model showing a molecule of methyltransferase bound to a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) strand (red and yellow)

HRas enzyme molecule C014 / 0010
HRas enzyme molecule. Molecular model showing the structure of a molecule of the enzyme GTPase HRas, also known as transforming protein p21

NADH dehydrogenase molecule, artwork C014 / 0009
NADH dehydrogenase molecule. Computer artwork showing the structure of a molecule of NADH dehydrogenase (NADH:ubiquinone reductase or Complex I)

DNA replication by helicase enzyme C013 / 9382
Computer artwork of DNA Helicase breaking apart the hydrogen bonds of a DNA strand for replication. Helicases are a class of enzymes vital to all living organisms

DNA polymerase molecule C013 / 7909
DNA polymerase. Molecular model of a molecule of DNA polymerase (blue) replicating a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, pink and turquoise). The secondary structure of the DNA polymerase is shown

Venus flytrap digestive glands, SEM
Venus flytrap digestive glands. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of digestive glands from a Venus flytrap plant (Dionaea muscipula)

Metopus protozoan

Thalassomyxa australis protozoan
Thalassomyxa protozoan. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a Thalassomyxa australis prot- ozoan (single-celled animal)

Lembadion protozoan. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a Lembadion bullinum protozoan (single-celled animal)

Tetrahymena protozoa. Immunofluorescent light micrograph of two Tetrahymena thermophila protozoa (single-celled animals). Nuclei are green, cell walls red and cilia (hairs) blue. T

Dendrocometes protozoan. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a Dendrocometes paradoxus protozoan (single-celled animal)

Pancreas cell, TEM
Pancreas cell. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of an acinar (exocrine) pancreatic cell. Acinar cells secrete the inactive precursors (zymogens)

Secretory cells in pancreas, SEM
Pancreatic secretory cells. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a freeze-fracture through a healthy pancreas, showing the secretory tissue

Pancreas cells, SEM
Pancreas cells. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of acinar (exocrine) pancreatic cells. Acinar cells produce and excrete digestive enzymes to the small intestine, via the pancreatic ducts

Salivary gland, light micrograph
Salivary gland. Coloured light micrograph of a section through a sublingual salivary gland, which is situated directly under the tongue

Pancreas cell, SEM
Pancreas cell. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of an acinar (exocrine) pancreatic cell. Acinar cells produce and excrete digestive enzymes to the small intestine

Viral RNA replication cycle, artwork
Viral RNA replication cycle. Computer artwork showing the three stages of the replication cycle that forms double-stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Pancreas tissue, SEM
Pancreas tissue. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of fractured pancreas tissue, showing numerous acinar cells, containing secretory zymogen granules

Protein translation, artwork
Protein translation. Artwork showing the process of translation, the final stage of the production of proteins from the genetic code

DNA replication fork, artwork
DNA replication fork. Diagram showing the cyclic sequence (right) for replication of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Details of the DNA are at left

DNA replication process, diagram
DNA replication process. Diagram showing various stages in the replication of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The process starts (top) when initiator proteins (blue-grey) separate the strands of DNA

Lysyl oxidase enzyme molecule. Computer artwork showing the secondary structure of the enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX). LOX is a homodimeric (composed of two identical subunits)

Kinase molecule, secondary structure
Kinase molecule, computer model. Kinases are enzymes that catalyse the transfer of phosphate groups from a high-energy phosphate-containing molecule (such as ATP or ADP)

Co-enzyme NAD (nicotinamide) crystals
Polarised light micrograph of crystals of the co- enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This is an extremely important and widespread co- enzyme found in nature

Caspase 3 molecule
Caspase-3 molecule. Computer artwork showing the secondary structure of a molecule of caspase-3. Caspase-3 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins

Art of cytochrome oxidase enzyme
Cytochrome oxidase enzyme. Illustration of a model of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, important in respiration. Cytochromes are widely distributed respiratory catalysts concerned with the electron

DNA polymerase, molecular model
DNA polymerase. Computer model showing the structure of a DNA polymerase molecule (green). DNA polymerase is an enzyme that aids DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Elaidic acid, computer model
Elaidic acid. Computer model of a molecule of elaidic acid, a trans fatty acid. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: carbon (green), hydrogen (white) and oxygen (red)

Lysozome protein crystals
Lysozyme enzyme crystals. Polarised light micro- graph of crystals of the enzyme lysozyme from the egg white (albumen) of a domestic chicken

Linoleic acid, computer model
Linoleic acid. Computer model of a molecule of linoleic acid, an omega-6 essential fatty acid. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour- coded; carbon (blue), hydrogen (gold) and oxygen (red)

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Enzymes: The Tiny Powerhouses of Life From the intricate Glutamine synthetase enzyme to the mesmerizing Lysozome protein crystals, enzymes never cease to amaze us. With X-ray crystallography C016 / 3824 revealing their hidden structures, we uncover a world of complexity and beauty. The Flap endonuclease proteins F007/9914 and F007/9916 play crucial roles in DNA repair, ensuring our genetic material remains intact. Meanwhile, the Ubiquitin activating enzyme protein E1 F007/9908 orchestrates cellular processes by tagging proteins for degradation or modification. Underneath the microscope's lens, Pancreatic exocrine cells reveal their secretory nature while Eosinophil white blood cells stand as guardians against foreign invaders. In this microscopic realm, Pancreatic acinar cells shine with their ability to produce digestive enzymes essential for nutrient breakdown. Through TEM images, we witness the bustling activity within these pancreatic acinar cells as they tirelessly fulfill their vital functions. And let's not forget about those resilient Eosinophil white blood cells that defend our bodies from harm and can truly remarkable entities that drive countless biochemical reactions necessary for life itself. Their diverse structures and functions make them indispensable players in maintaining homeostasis and sustaining living organisms. So next time you marvel at an enzymatic reaction or delve into the fascinating world of molecular biology, remember that behind every biological process lies an army working diligently to keep everything running smoothly.