Chemical Collection (page 100)

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), molecular model. Atoms, represented as tubes, are colour- coded; carbon (blue), oxygen (red) and hydrogen (white)

Carbon dioxide. Computer-generated molecular model of carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide comprises one central carbon atom (black) connected to two oxygen atoms (red)

Sudan II molecule
Sudan 2. Computer model of a molecule of the dye Sudan 2. It has the formula C18.H16.N2.O. The atoms are shown as spheres and are colour-coded: carbon (light blue), hydrogen (white)

Harmine drug molecule. Molecular model of Harmine, a hallucinogenic alkaloid found in the seed coats of a plant (Peganum harmala) of the Mediterranean region and the Middle East

VX nerve gas molecule
VX nerve gas. Computer artwork of a molecule of the nerve gas VX (methylphophonothioic acid, S- [2(diethylamino)ethyl]-2-methylpropyl ester, chemical formula (C11. H26. N. O2.P.S))

Hexagonal boron nitride crystal
Boron nitride crystal structure, molecular model. Boron atoms are green, nitrogen atoms are blue. Boron nitride is a compound that shares many properties with elemental carbon

Platinum crystal, molecular model. Platinum atoms form a cubic close-packed, or face-centred cubic, crystal lattice. In this structure

Nitrous oxide molecule
Nitrous oxide. Computer model of a molecule of nitrous oxide. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: nitrogen (blue) and oxygen (red)

Zeolite A crystal structure
Zeolite A crystal, molecular model. Zeolite A is a synthetic alumino-silicate material manufactured for use as a molecular sieve

Wurtzite crystal structure, molecular model. Wurtzite is the name for the mineral form of zinc sulphide (ZnS). The unit cell (repeating crystal region) of the crystal is outlined in red

Tridymite crystal structure, molecular model. Tridymite is a form of quartz (silicon dioxide) that forms at high temperatures

Talc crystal structure, molecular model. Talc is the name for the mineral hydrated magnesium silicate (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2). Silicate ions comprise a central silicon ion (pink)

Bisphenol A organic pollutant molecule
Bisphenol A, molecular model. This chemical is used in the plastics industry, both as an antioxidant and as a component of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics

Fullerene molecules. Fullerenes are structural types (allotropes) of carbon. The three molecules at centre are buckminsterfullerenes (buckyballs)

Buckminsterfullerene molecules. This molecule is a type of fullerene, a structural type (allotrope) of carbon. It has 60 carbon atoms arranged in a spherical structure consisting of interlinking

Aconite poison molecule. Molecular model of aconitine, a highly poisonous chemical found in aconite (Aconitum sp.) plants. Its chemical formula is C34H47NO11

Carbon dioxide molecule
Carbon dioxide. Computer model of a molecule of carbon dioxide. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: carbon (grey) and oxygen (red)

Buckyball molecule, computer artwork
Buckyball molecule. Conceptual computer artwork that might represent research into, or hi-tech automated production of, buckyball molecules (white sphere)

Doping buckyball molecules, artwork
Doping buckyball molecules. Computer artwork showing a conveyor belt (top left to bottom right) of buckyball molecules being doped (combined) with other atoms (blue)

Fullerene molecules, computer artwork
Fullerene molecules. Computer artwork of nested, spherical fullerene molecules. Fullerenes are allotropes (different structural types) of carbon

Capped nanotube, computer artwork
Capped nanotube. Computer artwork of a capped carbon nanotube. It is called capped because the ends of the tubes have been rounded off to form an enclosed structure

Graphite crystal. Computer model of the molecular structure of a graphite crystal. Graphite is used in pencil leads and as a lubricant

Buckyball technology. Computer artwork of a spherical fullerene (buckyball) enclosed between two carbon sheets. The molecular model shows the hexagonal

Capped nanotube. Computer artwork of a capped carbon nanotube. It is called capped because the ends of the tubes have been rounded off to form an enclosed structure

Fullerene molecule. Computer artwork of the spherical fullerene molecule C320. Fullerenes are a structural type (allotrope) of carbon

Molecular model of phthalic acid

Buckyball (C60) molecule over water
Buckyball. Computer graphic of buckyball (Buckminsterfullerene, C60) molecule hovering over water. The buckyballs constituent spheres represent carbon atoms whilst the lines represent the bonds

Computer graphic of buckyballs (C60)
Buckyballs. Computer graphic of buckyball (Buckminsterfullerene, C60) molecules. The spheres represent carbon atoms whilst the lines represent the bonds between them

Computer graphic of a buckyball (C60)
Buckyball. Computer graphic of a buckyball (Buckminsterfullerene, C60) molecule. The spheres represent carbon atoms whilst the lines represent the bonds between them

Buckminsterfullerene
Buckyball. Computer graphic of a buckyball (Buckminsterfullerene, C60) molecule. The green spheres represent carbon atoms whilst the lines represent the bonds between them

Molecules that smell like camphor

Smallest electrical wire
*** ABOVE CREDIT MUST BE PRINTED IN FULL *** Worlds smallest electrical wire. Coloured Atomic Force Micrograph (AFM) tapping-mode image of a carbon nanotube wire (blue) on platinum electrodes (yellow)

Computer graphic of a molecule of AMP
AMP. Computer graphic representation of a molecule of adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Atoms are depicted as spheres, joined by atomic bonds

Formaldehyde molecule
Formaldehyde. Computer graphic representation of a molecule of formaldehyde (methanal). Its molecular formula is HCHO. Atoms are depicted as spheres and colour- coded: carbon (grey)

Glucose sugar molecule
Glucose, molecular model. Atoms are represented as spheres (blue). Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) that is utilised by the body as an energy source

Hyaluronic acid, molecular model. Hyaluronic acid (or hyaluronon) is a glycosaminoglycan, a type of biological polymer made up of repeating units of a disaccharide (two sugar molecules)

Sucrose molecule
Sucrose. Computer-generated molecular model of sucrose (C12H22O11). Sucrose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red). Sucrose is a disaccharide (sugar)

Maltose molecule
Maltose. Computer-generated molecular model of maltose (C12H22O11). Maltose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red)

Lactose molecule
Lactose. Computer-generated molecular model of lactose. Lactose is composed of carbon(green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red)

Glucose molecule
Glucose. Computer-generated model of glucose (C6H12O6). Glucose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red). Glucose is a monosaccharide (sugar)

Cellulose molecule
Cellulose. Computer-generated molecular model of cellulose. Cellulose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (white-grey) and oxygen (red)

Amylose molecule
Amylose. Computer-generated molecular model of amylose. Amylose is composed of carbon (green), hydrogen (grey-white) and oxygen (red). Amylose is a polysaccharide that is a component of starch

Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP). Computer artwork of a molecule of DIDP. It has the chemical formula C16.H22.O4. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour-coded: carbon (white)

Phthalate
Di-n-butyl phthalate. Computer artwork of a molecule of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP). It has the chemical formula C16.H22.O4

Magnesium sulphate crystals, LM
Magnesium sulphate. Polarised light micrograph of crystals of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), a chemical used medicinally and in the textile industry

Rotigotine drug molecule
Rotigotine, computer model. This drug, marketed as Neupro, is used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease. Parkinsons disease is a movement disorder caused by the loss of cells in the brain that

Perphenazine antipsychotic drug, molecular model. This drug, marketed as Trilafon, Triavil and Etrafon, is a common treatment for patients suffering from psychoses

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Chemical discoveries have shaped our world in countless ways, revolutionizing industries and transforming the way we live. One of the most significant breakthroughs came in 1869 with Mendeleyev's periodic table, which organized elements based on their properties and paved the way for further scientific advancements. In that same era, another remarkable invention emerged - the Bakelite telephone. This early plastic device marked a turning point in telecommunications technology, showcasing the potential engineering to create innovative materials. But not all chemical reactions bring about positive outcomes. Fire, a powerful force fueled by chemical reactions, can be both destructive and mesmerizing. Its ability to transform matter is awe-inspiring yet serves as a reminder of nature's raw power. Dmitri Mendeleev himself was no stranger to caricatured fame as his contributions to chemistry were widely recognized. His genius lay in organizing elements into groups with similar properties, forever immortalized through humorous depictions of his likeness. Centuries before Mendeleev's time, there was Count of St Germain - a mysterious French alchemist who dabbled in various branches of science including chemistry. Legends surround this enigmatic figure whose pursuit of transmutation captivated many throughout history. The combination of copper and magnesium sulphate (LM) showcases how they can interact to produce stunning visual effects under controlled conditions within laboratories. These experiments provide valuable insights into fundamental principles governing chemical reactions. Advancements continued well into the 20th century when mass spectrometers became indispensable tools for analyzing compounds at an atomic level. Their introduction in 1954 opened new doors for researchers seeking deeper understanding and precise measurements within the realm of chemistry. Chemistry also plays a crucial role beyond laboratory settings; it extends its reach even into medicine. Anesthetics inhibiting ion channels like C015/6718 have revolutionized surgical procedures by providing pain relief during operations while ensuring patient safety remains paramount. Within any laboratory setting, a trusty laboratory clamp is an essential tool.