Images Dated 3rd July 2006

The Caravan

WH48347 The Caravan by Frere, Charles Theodore (Bey) (1814-88); Private Collection; Photo A© Whitford & Hughes, London, UK; French, out of copyright

© © Whitford & Hughes, London, UK / Bridgeman Images

Camel, Sunset

Napoleon Bonaparte (1721-1818) dissolving the Council of Five Hundred, 1845.Artist: S Freeman

Napoleon Bonaparte (1721-1818) dissolving the Council of Five Hundred, 1845. Napoleon enjoyed a meteoric rise through the ranks of the French Revolutionary army. In 1799 he led a coup to overthrow the government, the Directory, and became first consul and effective dictator of France. In 1804, he declared himself Emperor and embarked on a series of military campaigns across Europe: the Napoleonic Wars. Victories such as Austerlitz and Jena led to France establishing its power across much of the continent. In 1812, however, Napoleon embarked on a disastrous invasion of Russia and defeat at Leipzig in 1813 led to his abdication and exile to Elba. He ecaped in 1815, raised another army, but was finally defeated by Wellington at Waterloo, and was exiled again to St Helena, where he died

© The Print Collector / Heritage-Images

Louis Pasteur, 19th century French microbiologist and chemist, (1900)

Louis Pasteur, 19th century French microbiologist and chemist, (1900). Pasteur (1822-1895) developed the pasteurisation process which kills pathogens in milk, wine and foods, and he produced vaccines against anthrax and rabies. In 1884 he was appointed Professor of Chemistry at the University of Lille where he researched the reasons why some alcohols turn sour, discovering in the process, that by heating liquid to a certain temperature, the bacteria were killed

© The Print Collector / Heritage-Images