October Gallery

John Rylands Library BL15862

JOHN RYLANDS LIBRARY, Deansgate, Manchester. Interior view, showing a staircase and architectural details as seen from a half-landing. The library was completed in 1899 to the designs of architect Basil Champneys, and was commissioned by Enriqueta Augustina Rylands in memory of her late husband. The library is a fine example of Victorian Gothic Revival architecture. Photographed by Bedford Lemere and Co. in 1900

© Historic England

Brunels tunnelling shield

The tunnelling shield, or excavating machine designed by Sir Marc Isambard Brunel (1769- 1849) & used in the construction of the lining of the Thames tunnel. The shield (right) consists of twelve frames, which could be edged forward independently, supporting the side of the tunnel while allowing bricklayers to work from it. A moveable stage enabled building materials to be brought up to the level of the advancing face of the lining. The tunnel, running under the Thames between Rotherhithe & Wapping, was begun by Sir Marc Brunel in 1825 & completed in 1873 after his death. It was designed for foot passengers & later taken over by London Underground

© SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY.